ArticleACS central science2024
A Unified Description of Salt Effects on the Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Proteins.
Article in ACS central science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation-Enhanced Multienzyme Catalysis: Mechanisms and Applications.ChemSusChem · 2026Review
- Electrostatic Interactions Guide the Detrimental Effect of Oleic Acid on Monoclonal Antibody Stability.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Diverging Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Behavior of Different Recombinant Major Ampullate Spidroins.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Integrated cellulase continuous production and downstream processing using a packed-bed bioreactor for solid-state fermentation by thermophilic fungus.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Article
- Controlling thermoreversibility and hole conductivity in thermoresponsive ionic biogels using phase morphology for neurohaptics.Science advances · 2026Article
- A tunable aqueous architecture modulates functional output in biomolecular condensates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An ALS-associated mutation in the C-terminal α-helix of TDP-43 uncouples condensate formation and amyloid assembly.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Arresting Microphase Separation Encodes Material Mechanics by Sculpting Microarchitectures and Local Polymer Enrichment.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Physicochemical and Proteolytic Barriers Limiting Activity of Cpl-1 and Pal Endolysins in Human Circulation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- The regulatory principles, physiological functions, and phase transition of biomolecular condensates.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- FUS nanoclusters are a distinct state within the dilute phase.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Biomolecular Condensates as Emerging Biomaterials: Functional Mechanisms and Advances in Computational and Experimental Approaches.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Drying-Induced Salt Deposition Patterns as a Tool for Label-Free Protein Quantification.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Selective Ion Binding and Uptake Shape the Microenvironment of Biomolecular Condensates.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Functional Biomaterials Derived from Protein Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Liquid-to-Solid Transition.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Histidine-rich enantiomeric peptide coacervates enhance antigen sequestration and presentation to T cells.Chemical science · 2025Article
- Spontaneous Hollow Coacervate Transition of Silk Fibroin via Dilution and Its Transition to Microcapsules.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Electric charge and salting in/out effects on glucagon's dipole moments and polarizabilities using the GruPol database.Acta crystallographica Section B, Structural science, crystal engineering and materials · 2025Article
- Synergy of a Complimentary Ionic Biogel Network for Through-Hair Neurohaptics.Research square · 2025Article
- Phase separation in DNA repair: orchestrating the cellular response to genomic stability.PeerJ · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Protein aggregation via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is ubiquitous in nature and is intimately connected to many human diseases. Although it is widely known that the addition of salt has crucial impacts on the LLPS of proteins, full understanding of the salt effects remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we develop a molecular theory that systematically incorporates the self-consistent field theory for charged macromolecules into the solution thermodynamics. The electrostatic interaction, hydrophobicity, ion solvation, and translational entropy are included in a unified framework. Our theory fully captures the long-standing puzzles of the nonmonotonic salt concentration dependence and the specific ion effect. We find that proteins show salting-out at low salt concentrations due to ionic screening. The solubility follows the inverse Hofmeister series. In the high salt concentration regime, protein continues salting-out for small ions but turns to salting-in for larger ions, accompanied by the reversal of the Hofmeister series. We reveal that the solubility at high salt concentrations is determined by the competition between the solvation energy and translational entropy of the ion. Furthermore, we derive an analytical criterion for determining the boundary between the salting-in and salting-out regimes, which is in good agreement with experimental results for various proteins and salt ions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.