ArticleHeliyon2024
Comparing the risk of deep vein thrombosis of two combined oral contraceptives: Norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol.
Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-associated deep vein thrombosis: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- A detailed review of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of progestogens in oral contraception.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been reported as an adverse event for patients receiving combined oral contraceptives. Norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol (NET/EE) and drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol (DRSP/EE) are two commonly prescribed combined hormonal oral contraceptive agents used in the United States, differing in their progestin component. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the progestin component of a combined oral contraceptive and the risk of DVT in patients taking oral contraceptives for birth control using data derived from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: The risk of DVT was compared between patients that had taken NET/EE with those that had taken the DRSP/EE COC formulation for birth control. In addition, age was assessed as a possible confounder and the outcome severity for those diagnosed with DVT were compared between the two groups. Finally, association rule mining was utilized to identify possible drug-drug interactions that result in elevated DVT risk. Results: DVT was the fourth most commonly adverse event reported for patients taking DRSP/EE accounting for 8558 cases and the seventeenth most commonly reported adverse event for NET/EE accounting for 298 cases. Age was found to be a significant confounder for users of DRSP/EE with regards to DVT risk across all age groups assessed: 20<Age ≤ 30 (ROR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.23-1.45), 30<Age ≤ 40 (ROR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.98-2.35), and Age>40 (ROR = 3.69, 95% CI 3.37-4.04) However, there was only a statistically significant elevated risk in patients over 40 years of age taking NET/EE (ROR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.36-2.88). Patients that had taken DRSP/EE and the corticosteroid prednisone simultaneously had an approximately 3-fold increase in DVT risk (ROR = 2.77, 95% CI 2.43-3.15) relative to individuals that had only taken DRSP/EE. Conclusion: Based on this analysis, there is a higher risk of developing DVT when taking DRSP/EE than when taking NET/EE as hormonal contraception. In addition, a possibly significant drug-drug interaction between different COC formulations and prednisone were identified. This interaction may result in elevated DVT risk due to a synergistic impairment of fibrinolysis and a decrease in plasmin production.
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Registered trials
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