ArticleBJPsych open2024
Factors associated with involuntary mental healthcare in New South Wales, Australia.
Article in BJPsych open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human rights-based mental healthcare: new developments, introducing a themed series of papers.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Perspectives and Experiences of Nurses Implementing the Safe Steps for De-Escalation in Acute Mental Health Units.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2026Article
- The contribution ofBJPsych open · 2025Article
- The benefits and harms of inpatient involuntary psychiatric treatment: a scoping review.Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is uncertainty about factors associated with involuntary in-patient psychiatric care. Understanding these factors would help in reducing coercion in psychiatry.
aimsTo explore variables associated with involuntary care in the largest database of involuntary admissions published.
methodWe identified 166 102 public mental health hospital admissions over 5 years in New South Wales, Australia. Demographic, clinical and episode-of-care variables were examined in an exploratory, multivariable logistic regression.
resultsA total of 54% of eligible admissions included involuntary care. The strongest associations with involuntary care were referral from the legal system (odds ratio 4.98, 95% CI 4.61-5.38), and psychosis (odds ratio 4.48, 95% CI 4.31-4.64) or organic mental disorder (odds ratio 4.40, 95% CI 3.85-5.03). There were moderately strong associations between involuntary treatment and substance use disorder (odds ratio 2.68, 95% CI 2.56-2.81) or affective disorder (odds ratio 2.06, 95% CI 1.99-2.14); comorbid cannabis and amphetamine use disorders (odds ratio 1.65, 95% CI 1.57-1.74); unmarried status (odds ratio 1.62, 95% CI 1.49-1.76) and being born in Asia (odds ratio 1.42, 95% CI 1.35-1.50), Africa or the Middle East (odds ratio 1.32, 95% CI 1.24-1.40). Involuntary care was less likely for people aged >75 years (odds ratio 0.68, 95% CI 0.62-0.74), with comorbid personality disorder (odds ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.94) or with private health insurance (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.86-0.93).
conclusionsThis research strengthens the evidence linking diagnostic, socioeconomic and cultural factors to involuntary treatment. Targeted interventions are needed to reduce involuntary admissions in disadvantaged groups.
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