ArticleDiabetologia2024
Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance/sensitivity associate with retinal layer characteristics: the LIFE-Adult-Study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- eGDR and gastrointestinal cancer mortality in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Abnormal Glycaemic Fluctuations Associated With Early Microvascular Changes in the Retina and Choroid of Nondiabetic Adults.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Article
- Targeting risk factors and strategies for prevention of peripheral neuropathy: focus on B-vitamin deficiencies and metabolic diseases.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Developing Clinically Implementable Approaches for Directional Optical Coherence Tomography.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic Index as a Mediator in the Association Between Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate and Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Metabolic vulnerability, genetic susceptibility, and incident age-related eye diseases: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of whole grain to body weight and cardiometabolic risk in adults with obesity: a parallel randomised controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The triglyceride-glucose index for diabetic retinopathy prediction in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a preliminary cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Estimated glucose disposal rate and the dynamic transitions of cardiometabolic multimorbidity and all-cause mortality in prediabetes: a multistate trajectory analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Diet, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Vascular Endothelial Damage, and the Microbiome: Drivers of Ocular Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Photoreceptor thickness in UK Biobank participants with and without diabetes mellitus.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- What do You Need to Know after Diabetes and before Diabetic Retinopathy?Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Retinal Structure and Microcirculation Alterations in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Exploring the synergistic effects of Life's Essential 8, insulin resistance, and CRP on cardiometabolic multimorbidity risk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of customized software to automatically align macula and optic disc centered scanning laser ophthalmoscope fundus images.PeerJ. Computer science · 2025Article
- The Impact of Triglyceride-Glucose Index Trajectories on Incidence and Recurrent Cardiovascular Events: Evidence from a Retrospective Cohort Study.Vascular health and risk management · 2025Article
- Estimated glucose disposal rate and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in U.S. adults with prediabetes: a nationwide cross-sectional and prospective cohort study.Acta diabetologica · 2024Article
- Multi-omics in exploring the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness reflects characteristics of brain grey and white matter.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisAs the prevalence of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance is increasing throughout the world, diabetes-induced eye diseases are a global health burden. We aim to identify distinct optical bands which are closely related to insulin and glucose metabolism, using non-invasive, high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in a large, population-based dataset.
methodsThe LIFE-Adult-Study randomly selected 10,000 participants from the population registry of Leipzig, Germany. Cross-sectional, standardised phenotyping included the assessment of various metabolic risk markers and ocular imaging, such as SD-OCT-derived thicknesses of ten optical bands of the retina. Global and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) subfield-specific optical retinal layer thicknesses were investigated in 7384 healthy eyes of 7384 participants from the LIFE-Adult-Study stratified by normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance and/or HbA
resultsIn the study cohort, nine out of ten optical bands of the retina showed significant sex- and glucose tolerance-dependent differences in band thicknesses. Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed a significant, independent, and inverse association between markers of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (e.g. HOMA2-IR) with the thickness of the optical bands representing the anatomical retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL, standardised β=-0.096; p<0.001 for HOMA2-IR) and myoid zone (MZ; β=-0.096; p<0.001 for HOMA2-IR) of the photoreceptors. Conversely, markers of insulin sensitivity (e.g. eGDR) positively and independently associated with ONL (β=0.090; p<0.001 for eGDR) and MZ (β=0.133; p<0.001 for eGDR) band thicknesses. These global associations were confirmed in ETDRS subfield-specific analyses. Sensitivity analyses further validated our findings when physical activity, neuroanatomical cell/tissue types and ETDRS subfield categories were investigated after stratifying the cohort by glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationAn impaired glucose homeostasis associates with a thinning of the optical bands of retinal ONL and photoreceptor MZ. Changes in ONL and MZ thicknesses might predict early metabolic retinal alterations in diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.