Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38429554›Full record

SynthesisEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2024

The prevalence of poor sleep quality in the general population in China: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.

Pan Chen, Mei Ieng Lam, Tong Leong Si, Ling Zhang, Lloyd Balbuena, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Gabor S Ungvari, Sha Sha, Yu-Tao Xiang

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Pan Chen *Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 1/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7185-9363
Mei Ieng Lam *Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 1/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China.
Tong Leong Si *Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 1/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China.
Ling Zhang *Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China.
Lloyd BalbuenaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Zhaohui SuSchool of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Teris CheungSchool of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Gabor S UngvariPsychiatry Section, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.
Sha ShaBeijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China. sarahbon@163.com.
Yu-Tao XiangUnit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 1/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China. xyutly@gmail.com.

Funding

Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of special funding support XMLX202128National Science and Technology Major Project for investigational new drug 2018ZX09201-014University of Macau MYRG2019-00066-FHSUniversity of Macau MYRG2022-00187-FHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe high prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQ) in the general population leads to negative health outcomes. Since estimates of PSQ prevalence in the Chinese general population vary widely, this meta-analysis aimed to refine these estimates and to identify moderating factors.

methodsA comprehensive literature search was undertaken in both international (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBASE) and Chinese (Wanfang, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases) databases from inception to 23 November 2023. Studies were required to have used standard scales such as the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The pooled prevalence of PSQ and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity.

resultsIn 32 studies with a combined 376,824 participants, the pooled prevalence of PSQ was 19.0% (95% CI 15.8-22.8%; range 6.6-43.6%). Across 22 studies that reported PSQI data, the pooled mean score was 4.32 (95%CI 3.82-4.81; SD = 0.502). The pooled mean sleep duration across 8 studies was 7.62 (95% CI 7.23-8.00; SD = 0.194) hours. Subgroup analyses showed that lower education (Q = 4.12, P = 0.042), living in less developed regions (Q = 60.28, P < 0.001), and lower PSQI cutoff values (Q = 9.80, P = 0.007) were significantly associated with PSQ. Meta-regression analyses showed that study quality was inversely associated with estimated PSQ prevalence (β = - 0.442, P = 0.004). LIMITATIONS: Although measures such as subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed, substantial heterogeneity remained. Information related to sleep quality, such as comorbid physical diseases or psychiatric disorders, substance use, occupational types, and employment status, were not reported in most studies.

conclusionOne in five people in the general population of China may have PSQ and people with lower education or living in western regions may be more susceptible.

Indexed as

Sleep Wake DisordersChinaEpidemiologic StudiesHumansPrevalenceSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersSleep QualityChinaGeneral populationMeta-analysisPoor sleep qualityPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID38429554

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.