ReviewInternational journal of oral science2024
Expert consensus on irrigation and intracanal medication in root canal therapy.
Review in International journal of oral science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International endodontic journal · 2026Pooled it
- Antimicrobial additives in resin-based endodontic sealers: a scoping review of antimicrobial efficacy, physicochemical properties, and cytotoxicity.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Modified Cryotherapy During Final Irrigation Reduces Postoperative Pain and Anxiety in Pediatric Primary Molar Root Canal Therapy.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Trial
- Antibacterial effectiveness of novel polyherbal gel, chlorhexidine gluconate, and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments in infected root canals using real-time PCR: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Trial
- The effect of apical preparation size and passive ultrasonic activation on microbial load in root canals with periapical lesions.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Influence of sonic activation of epoxy-resin and calcium silicate sealer on postoperative pain: a patient-blinded, parallel group, randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Determining the optimal irrigation activation or agitation techniques for postoperative pain control: A network meta-regression of clinical trials.The Japanese dental science review · 2026Review
- Protocols to evaluate the antibacterial and irrigation efficacy of new root canal irrigants: A systematic review of ex vivo studies.The Japanese dental science review · 2026Review
- Pulp calcification and pulp canal obliteration: from biological mechanisms to contemporary clinical management and digital navigation.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Effect of Coronal Flaring on SWEEPS Laser-Activated Irrigation in Root Canals with Different Curvatures: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Intracanal medicament removal revisited: A volumetric cone beam computed tomography analysis of four techniques.Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of activated irrigation techniques for the removal of calcium hydroxide from simulated internal root resorption cavities: an in vitro comparative study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Comparative efficacy of irrigation activation systems in root canal cleanliness: a region-specific analysis of debris and smear layer removal.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Calcium Silicate-Based, Simvastatin, Levofloxacin and Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medicaments Against Mature Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm. An In Vitro Study.Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc · 2026Article
- Article
- Potential of Trichloroacetic Acid in Smear Layer and Calcium Hydroxide Removal in Root Canals-Exploratory Pilot Studies In Vitro.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Synthesis, Characterisation and Antibacterial Activity of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Cuprous Oxide Nanocomposite Against Dual Species Biofilms Using Clsm.Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc · 2026Article
- Influence of temporal delay in SWEEPS dual-pulse Er: YAG laser-activated irrigation on fluid dynamics in confined domain environment: an in vitro study.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Effects of Continuous Chelation with Etidronate on Mechanical Properties of the Root Canal Dentin: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Influence of intracanal moisture on dentinal tubule infiltration of a calcium silicate-containing resin-based sealer assessed with confocal laser scanning microscopy.BMC oral health · 2026Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 15 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved, impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes. Additionally, ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified. Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes. Indeed, clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years. Based on the current evidence of studies, this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions. The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods, their effects, limitations, the paradigm shift, current indications, and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed. This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication, thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control, standardizing clinical practice, and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.