ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Purinergic enzymes on extracellular vesicles: immune modulation on the go.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles derived from the lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus rotai suppress melanogenesis by modulating the cAMP-MITF pathway.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapies for autism spectrum disorder: emerging evidence and clinical prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Associated Metabolites as Intercellular Signalling Mediators in Disease and Therapy.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Caspofungin Reshapes the Extracellular Vesicles Metabolome ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From uric acid to tophi: multistage molecular and cellular mechanisms of tophi formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity in semen-mediated tolerogenic responses: defining immunological determinants of reproductive compatibility.Human reproduction open · 2026Article
- Restoring adenosine balance in axial spondyloarthritis: a stage-specific framework for immune and structural modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as modulators of cancer metabolism and microenvironment.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Ropivacaine-loaded tumor-derived vesicles targeting CCNB1 and autophagy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Exosomes derived from a mesenchymal-like endometrial regenerative cells ameliorate renal ischemia reperfusion injury through delivery of CD73.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Review
- Platelets and Their Role in Immunity: Formation, Activation and Activity, and Biologically Active Substances in Their Granules and Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of inflammation · 2025Review
- Mapping TAM-tumor crosstalk in glioma via ligand-receptor multi-omics: mechanisms of immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Enzymatic Regulation of the Gut Microbiota: Mechanisms and Implications for Host Health.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- ENPP1/CD203a-targeting heavy-chain antibody reveals cell-specific expression on human immune cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Clodronate Reduces ATP-Containing Microvesicle Releasing Induced by Nociceptive Stimuli in Human Keratinocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Purinergic Signaling in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Bridging the Gap between Cell-Based Strategies and Neuro-Immune Modulation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- When Extracellular Vesicles Go Viral: A Bird's Eye View.Pathogens & immunity · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An increase in the extracellular concentration of ATP as a consequence of cellular stress or cell death results in the activation of immune cells. To prevent inflammation, extracellular ATP is rapidly metabolized to adenosine, which deploys an anti-inflammatory signaling cascade upon binding to P1 receptors on immune cells. The ectonucleotidases necessary for the degradation of ATP and generation of adenosine are present on the cell membrane of many immune cells, and their expression is tightly regulated under conditions of inflammation. The discovery that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry purinergic enzyme activity has brought forward the concept of EVs as a new player in immune regulation. Adenosine-generating EVs derived from cancer cells suppress the anti-tumor response, while EVs derived from immune or mesenchymal stem cells contribute to the restoration of homeostasis after infection. Here we will review the existing knowledge on EVs containing purinergic enzymes and molecules, and discuss the relevance of these EVs in immune modulation and their potential for therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.