ArticleAnnals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials2024
Nanopore targeted sequencing-based diagnosis of central nervous system infections in HIV-infected patients.
Article in Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Amplification-Free Nanopore Sequencing for Herpesvirus DNA Detection in Intraocular Fluids.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- The diagnostic value of Xpert detection combined with nanopore sequencing for tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients.Infectious medicine · 2026Article
- Transverse Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors in HIV-Infected Patients with Cytomegalovirus Encephalitis in Guangdong, China.Current HIV research · 2026Article
- Global trends in the application of nanopore sequencing technology in the detection of infectious disease pathogens: a bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2024.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly and accurate etiological diagnosis is very important for improving the prognosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The goal is not easily achieved by conventional microbiological tests. We developed a nanopore targeted sequencing (NTS) platform and evaluated the diagnostic performance for CNS infections in HIV-infected patients, with special focus on cryptococcal meningitis (CM). We compared the CM diagnostic performance of NTS with conventional methods and cryptococcal polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
methodsThis study included 57 hospitalized HIV-infected patients with suspected CNS infections from September 2018 to March 2022. The diagnosis established during hospitalization includes 27 cases of CM, 13 CNS tuberculosis, 5 toxoplasma encephalitis, 2 cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis and 1 Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis. The 2 cases of CMV encephalitis also have co-existing CM. Target-specific PCR amplification was used to enrich pathogen sequences before nanopore sequencing. NTS was performed on stored cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and the results were compared with the diagnosis during hospitalization.
results53 (93.0%) of the patients were male. The median CD4 cell count was 25.0 (IQR: 14.0-63.0) cells/uL. The sensitivities of CSF culture, India ink staining, cryptococcal PCR and NTS for CM were 70.4% (95%CI: 51.5 - 84.1%), 76.0% (95%CI: 56.6 - 88.5%), 77.8% (59.2 - 89.4%) and 85.2% (95%CI: 67.5 - 94.1%), respectively. All those methods had 100% specificity for CM. Our NTS platform could identify Cryptococcus at species level. Moreover, NTS was also able to identify all the 5 cases of toxoplasma encephalitis, 2 cases of CMV encephalitis and 1 VZV encephalitis. However, only 1 of 13 CNS tuberculosis cases was diagnosed by NTS, and so did Xpert MTB/RIF assay.
conclusionsNTS has a good diagnostic performance for CM in HIV-infected patients and may have the ability of simultaneously detecting other pathogens, including mixed infections. With continuing improving of the NTS platform, it may be a promising alterative microbiological test for assisting with the diagnosis of CNS infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.