Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38424098›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Specificity, synergy, and mechanisms of splice-modifying drugs.

Yuma Ishigami, Mandy S Wong, Carlos Martí-Gómez, Andalus Ayaz, Mahdi Kooshkbaghi, Sonya M Hanson, David M McCandlish, Adrian R Krainer, Justin B Kinney

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
15.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Depleting prion protein using splice-switching small molecules.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Predicting human mRNA isoform levels from site-specific splicing kineticsbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. A Chemically Induced CRISPR/dCas13Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yuma Ishigami *Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5704-291X
Mandy S Wong *Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
Carlos Martí-GómezCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
Andalus AyazCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
Mahdi KooshkbaghiCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
Sonya M HansonFlatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8960-5353
David M McCandlishCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-1474-0407
Adrian R KrainerCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA. krainer@cshl.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-9024-9501
Justin B KinneyCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA. jkinney@cshl.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1897-3778
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory · USFlatiron Health (United States) · US

Funding

Single-Cell Biology Shared ResourceP30CA045508 · NCI · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI John Edward Moses · 1987 to 2026
$118.9M
BIOCHEMISTRY OF PREMRNA SPLICINGR01GM042699 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI Adrian R Krainer · 1989 to 2026
$8.8M
Biochemistry of Pre-mRNA SplicingR37GM042699 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI KRAINER, ADRIAN R · 2012 to 2021
$7.7M
A unified quantitative modeling strategy for multiplex assays of variant effectR01HG011787 · NHGRI · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI JUSTIN B. KINNEY · 2022 to 2026
$4.1M
Computational analysis of complex genetic interactionsR35GM133613 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI David Martin McCandlish · 2019 to 2026
$3.5M
Biophysical modeling of cis-regulatory complexes in transcription and splicing using massively parallel reporter assaysR35GM133777 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI KINNEY, JUSTIN B. · 2019 to 2023
$2.4M
Next Generation DNA SequencerS10OD020122 · OD · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI MCCOMBIE, WILLIAM RICHARD · 2015 to 2015
$523k
Graphical Processing Units and a Large-Memory Compute Node for Applications in Genomics, Neuroscience, and Structural BiologyS10OD028632 · OD · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI SIEPEL, ADAM CHARLES · 2020 to 2020
$437k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA045508NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG011787NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM042699NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM133613NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM133777NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM042699NIH HHS S10 OD020122NIH HHS S10 OD028632ODCDC CDC HHS S10 OD020122
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drugs that target pre-mRNA splicing hold great therapeutic potential, but the quantitative understanding of how these drugs work is limited. Here we introduce mechanistically interpretable quantitative models for the sequence-specific and concentration-dependent behavior of splice-modifying drugs. Using massively parallel splicing assays, RNA-seq experiments, and precision dose-response curves, we obtain quantitative models for two small-molecule drugs, risdiplam and branaplam, developed for treating spinal muscular atrophy. The results quantitatively characterize the specificities of risdiplam and branaplam for 5' splice site sequences, suggest that branaplam recognizes 5' splice sites via two distinct interaction modes, and contradict the prevailing two-site hypothesis for risdiplam activity at SMN2 exon 7. The results also show that anomalous single-drug cooperativity, as well as multi-drug synergy, are widespread among small-molecule drugs and antisense-oligonucleotide drugs that promote exon inclusion. Our quantitative models thus clarify the mechanisms of existing treatments and provide a basis for the rational development of new therapies.

Indexed as

Muscular Atrophy, SpinalPyrimidinesRNA SplicingAzo CompoundsHumansOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA Splice SitesAzo CompoundsOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisensePyrimidinesRisdiplamRNA Splice Sites

Identifiers

PMID38424098
PMCPMC10904865
OpenAlexW4392298062

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.