Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38423202›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2024

Patterns and Disparities in Recorded Gonioscopy During Initial Glaucoma Evaluations in the United States.

Jun Hui Lee, Kristy Yoo, Khristina Lung, Galo Apolo, Brian Toy, Carina Sanvicente, Benjamin Xu

Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jun Hui LeeFrom the Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (J.H.L., G.A., B.T., B.X.), Los Angeles, California.
Kristy YooKeck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (K.Y.), Los Angeles, California.
Khristina LungSchaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, University of Southern California (K.I.), Los Angeles, California.
Galo ApoloFrom the Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (J.H.L., G.A., B.T., B.X.), Los Angeles, California.
Brian ToyFrom the Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (J.H.L., G.A., B.T., B.X.), Los Angeles, California.
Carina SanvicenteHarvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (C.S.), Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
Benjamin XuFrom the Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California (J.H.L., G.A., B.T., B.X.), Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: benjamin.xu@med.usc.edu.
University of Southern California · USUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences · US

Funding

Clinical Evaluation and Risk Stratification of Angle Closure Disease Using Quantitative OCTR01EY035677 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Benjamin Y. Xu · 2024 to 2026
$1.4M
Development and Validation of Quantitative Anterior Segment OCT-based Methods to Evaluate Patients with Primary Angle Closure DiseaseK23EY029763 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI XU, BENJAMIN Y. · 2019 to 2023
$1.1M
NEI NIH HHS K23 EY029763NEI NIH HHS R01 EY035677
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess patterns in gonioscopy during initial glaucoma evaluations in the United States.

designRetrospective, case-control study.

methodsPatients undergoing initial glaucoma evaluation between 2009-2020 were identified in the Optum Clinformatics DataMart. Initial evaluation was defined as follows: (1) glaucoma suspect, anatomical narrow angle (ANA), or primary/secondary glaucoma diagnosed by an ophthalmologist; (2) continuously observable during a 36-month lookback period; (3) no history of glaucoma medications, laser, or surgical procedures; and (4) optical coherence tomography (OCT) or visual field performed within 6 months of initial diagnosis. Logistic regression models were developed to identify factors associated with no record of gonioscopy based on Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes.

resultsAmong 198,995 patients, 20.4% and 29.5% had recorded gonioscopy on the day of diagnosis or within 6 months, respectively. On multivariable analysis, odds of recorded gonioscopy within 6 months of initial evaluation was lower (P < .001) among non-Hispanic Whites (OR=0.84) but similar for Blacks (OR=1.02) and Hispanics (OR=0.96) compared with Asians. Age ≥60 years (OR<0.82), pseudophakia/aphakia (OR=0.58), or residence outside of the Northeast region (OR=0.66-0.84) conferred lower odds of recorded gonioscopy (P < .001). Angle closure glaucoma (OR=0.85), secondary glaucoma (OR=0.31), or open angle glaucoma/suspect (OR=0.12/0.24, respectively) patients were less likely to have recorded gonioscopy compared to ANA patients (P < .01).

conclusionsMore than 70% patients undergoing initial glaucoma evaluation in the United States do not have a record of gonioscopy, especially elderly, non-Hispanic White, and pseudophakic patients in non-Northeast regions. This pattern does not conform to current practice guidelines and could contribute to misdiagnosed disease and suboptimal outcomes.

Indexed as

GlaucomaGonioscopyIntraocular PressureAgedAged, 80 and overCase-Control StudiesFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTomography, Optical CoherenceUnited StatesVisual Fields

Identifiers

PMID38423202
PMCPMC11257810
OpenAlexW4392222022

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.