Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38422280›Full record

ArticleRevista de saude publica2024

Inefficacious drugs against covid-19: analysis of sales, tweets, and search engines.

Irineu de Brito Junior, Flaviane Azevedo Saraiva, Nathan de Campos Bruno, Roberto Fray da Silva, Celso Mitsuo Hino, Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida Yoshizaki

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Revista de saude publica, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Irineu de Brito JuniorUniversidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho". Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental. São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-6905
Flaviane Azevedo SaraivaUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica. Departamento de Engenharia de Produção. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-5604
Nathan de Campos BrunoUniversidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho". Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental. São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-8918
Roberto Fray da SilvaUniversidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Estudos Avançados. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-0553
Celso Mitsuo HinoUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica. Departamento de Engenharia de Produção. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-6519
Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida YoshizakiUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica. Programa de Mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Logísticos. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9723-1918

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAssess the correlation between the sales of two drugs with no proven efficacy against covid-19, ivermectin and chloroquine, and other relevant variables, such as Google® searches, number of tweets related to these drugs, number of cases and deaths resulting from covid-19.

methodsThe methodology adopted in this study has four stages: data collection, data processing, exploratory data analysis, and correlation analysis. Spearman's method was used to obtain cross-correlations between each pair of variables.

resultsThe results show similar behaviors between variables. Peaks occurred in the same or near periods. The exploratory data analysis showed shortage of chloroquine in the period corresponding to the beginning of advertising for the application of these drugs against covid-19. Both drugs showed a high and statistically significant correlation with the other variables. Also, some of them showed a higher correlation with drug sales when we employed a one-month lag. In the case of chloroquine, this was observed for the number of deaths. In the case of ivermectin, this was observed for the number of tweets, cases, and deaths.

conclusionsThe results contribute to decision making in crisis management by governments, industries, and stores. In times of crisis, as observed during the covid-19 pandemic, some variables can help sales forecasting, especially Google® and tweets, which provide a real-time analysis of the situation. Monitoring social media platforms and search engines would allow the determination of drug use by the population and better prediction of potential peaks in the demand for these drugs.

Indexed as

ChloroquineCOVID-19 Drug TreatmentIvermectinBrazilCommerceCOVID-19HumansPandemicsSearch EngineSocial MediaChloroquineIvermectin

Identifiers

PMID38422280
PMCPMC10926985

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.