ArticlePloS one2024
The use and application of intensive care unit diaries: An instrumental multiple case study.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Data After Death: Post-Mortem Ethics of Burn Patient Records and Images.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2026Review
- PICU diaries and parental PTSD symptoms-a pilot randomized controlled trial assessing feasibility and psychological outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Developing implementation strategies for digital ICU diaries targeting ICU professionals: an implementation mapping approach.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
AIMS AND
objectivesThe study aim was to explore the use of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) diary within four different ICUs units in Sweden and thereby contribute to practice guidelines regarding the structure, content and use of an ICU diary.
backgroundICU diaries are used to aid psychological recovery among critical care patients, but differences remain in diary writing both within and across countries. Few studies have focused on the combined views and experiences of ICU patients, family members and nursing staff about the use of ICU diaries.
designAn instrumental multiple case study design was employed.
methodsThree focus groups interviews were carried out with 8 former patients and their family members (n = 5) from the research settings. Individual interviews were carried out with 2 patients, a family member and a nurse respectively. Observations, field notes, documentary analysis and conversations with nursing staff were also conducted. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was followed.
resultsThe qualitative findings firstly consisted of a matrix and descriptive text of the four ICU contexts and current practices. This highlighted that there were similarities regarding the aims and objectives of the diaries. However, differences existed across the case study sites about how the ICU diary was developed and implemented. Namely, the use of photographs and when to commence a diary. Second, a thematic analysis of the qualitative data regarding patients' and family members' use of the ICU diary, resulted in four themes: i) the diary was used to take in and fully understand the situation; ii) the diary was an opportunity to assimilate warm, personalised and human care; iii) the diary was used to manage existential issues; and iv) the diary was a tool in daily activities.
conclusionsAnalysis of the instrumental case study data led to the identification of core areas for inclusion in ICU diary practice guidelines.
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