ArticleJMIR medical informatics2024
Prediction of Antibiotic Resistance in Patients With a Urinary Tract Infection: Algorithm Development and Validation.
Article in JMIR medical informatics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- A deep learning approach for predicting antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections.BMC urology · 2026Article
- Multi task learning based early prediction model for antibiotic resistance using multi institutional cohort data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence in optimizing antimicrobial therapy for gastro-renal disorders.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Early risk stratification for carbapenem resistance amongFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Leveraging Hospital Information Data for Effective Antibiotic Stewardship.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Review
- A personalized prediction model for distinguishing between asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using machine learning.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Can we rely on artificial intelligence to guide antimicrobial therapy? A systematic literature review.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThe early prediction of antibiotic resistance in patients with a urinary tract infection (UTI) is important to guide appropriate antibiotic therapy selection.
objectiveIn this study, we aimed to predict antibiotic resistance in patients with a UTI. Additionally, we aimed to interpret the machine learning models we developed.
methodsThe electronic medical records of patients who were admitted to Yongin Severance Hospital, South Korea were used. A total of 71 features extracted from patients' admission, diagnosis, prescription, and microbiology records were used for classification. UTI pathogens were classified as either sensitive or resistant to cephalosporin, piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP), carbapenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and fluoroquinolone. To analyze how each variable contributed to the machine learning model's predictions of antibiotic resistance, we used the Shapley Additive Explanations method. Finally, a prototype machine learning-based clinical decision support system was proposed to provide clinicians the resistance probabilities for each antibiotic.
resultsThe data set included 3535, 737, 708, 1582, and 1365 samples for cephalosporin, TZP, TMP-SMX, fluoroquinolone, and carbapenem resistance prediction models, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of the random forest models were 0.777 (95% CI 0.775-0.779), 0.864 (95% CI 0.862-0.867), 0.877 (95% CI 0.874-0.880), 0.881 (95% CI 0.879-0.882), and 0.884 (95% CI 0.884-0.885) in the training set and 0.638 (95% CI 0.635-0.642), 0.630 (95% CI 0.626-0.634), 0.665 (95% CI 0.659-0.671), 0.670 (95% CI 0.666-0.673), and 0.721 (95% CI 0.718-0.724) in the test set for predicting resistance to cephalosporin, TZP, carbapenem, TMP-SMX, and fluoroquinolone, respectively. The number of previous visits, first culture after admission, chronic lower respiratory diseases, administration of drugs before infection, and exposure time to these drugs were found to be important variables for predicting antibiotic resistance.
conclusionsThe study results demonstrated the potential of machine learning to predict antibiotic resistance in patients with a UTI. Machine learning can assist clinicians in making decisions regarding the selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy in patients with a UTI.
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