ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2024
Exploring the landscape of AI-assisted decision-making in head and neck cancer treatment: a comparative analysis of NCCN guidelines and ChatGPT responses.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- ChatGPT Versus DeepSeek in Resectability Categorization of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Comparison Based on EPOS 2020.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Evaluation of GPT-5, a Large Language Model, in Replicating German Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations in Oral Oncology: A Cross-Sectional Concordance Study.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026Article
- Multimodal system for automated medical documentation and clinical decision support integrating contact center solutions.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Accuracy of large language models in head and neck cancers: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT and Gemini in TNM staging and clinical decision support.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence in endocrine practice: comparing ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude for adrenal incidentaloma care.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence in multidisciplinary tumor boards enhancing decision making and clinical outcomes in oncology.iScience · 2025Review
- Confirmation of Large Language Models in Head and Neck Cancer Staging.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Applications of Natural Language Processing in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Review
- Diagnostic Performance of ChatGPT-4o in Analyzing Oral Mucosal Lesions: A Comparative Study with Experts.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- The Limitations of Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Oncology.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Artificial intelligence in otorhinolaryngology: current trends and application areas.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Review
- Medical accuracy of artificial intelligence chatbots in oncology: a scoping review.The oncologist · 2025Article
- A Review of Large Language Models in Medical Education, Clinical Decision Support, and Healthcare Administration.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the impact Of ChatGPT support on acromegaly management and patient education.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Large language models in cancer: potentials, risks, and safeguards.BJR artificial intelligence · 2025Review
- Large language models in oncology: a review.BMJ oncology · 2025Review
- LLM evaluation for thyroid nodule assessment: comparing ACR-TIRADS, C-TIRADS, and clinician-AI trust gap.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeRecent breakthroughs in natural language processing and machine learning, exemplified by ChatGPT, have spurred a paradigm shift in healthcare. Released by OpenAI in November 2022, ChatGPT rapidly gained global attention. Trained on massive text datasets, this large language model holds immense potential to revolutionize healthcare. However, existing literature often overlooks the need for rigorous validation and real-world applicability.
methodsThis head-to-head comparative study assesses ChatGPT's capabilities in providing therapeutic recommendations for head and neck cancers. Simulating every NCCN Guidelines scenarios. ChatGPT is queried on primary treatments, adjuvant treatment, and follow-up, with responses compared to the NCCN Guidelines. Performance metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score, are employed for assessment.
resultsThe study includes 68 hypothetical cases and 204 clinical scenarios. ChatGPT exhibits promising capabilities in addressing NCCN-related queries, achieving high sensitivity and overall accuracy across primary treatment, adjuvant treatment, and follow-up. The study's metrics showcase robustness in providing relevant suggestions. However, a few inaccuracies are noted, especially in primary treatment scenarios.
conclusionOur study highlights the proficiency of ChatGPT in providing treatment suggestions. The model's alignment with the NCCN Guidelines sets the stage for a nuanced exploration of AI's evolving role in oncological decision support. However, challenges related to the interpretability of AI in clinical decision-making and the importance of clinicians understanding the underlying principles of AI models remain unexplored. As AI continues to advance, collaborative efforts between models and medical experts are deemed essential for unlocking new frontiers in personalized cancer care.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.