ArticleParticle and fibre toxicology2024
Zinc oxide nanoparticles exacerbate skin epithelial cell damage by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and exosome secretion in M1 macrophages following UVB irradiation-induced skin injury.
Article in Particle and fibre toxicology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined Effect of Gamma Radiation and Heavy Metals on Some Living Organisms.Biological trace element research · 2025Pooled it
- Mechanistic pathways of cosmetic ingredient toxicity: a critical review of in vitro and in vivo evidence.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Anti-inflammatory role of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: a review of toxicity, green synthesis, and immunomodulatory mechanisms.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- From Bioactive Selenium Nanoparticles to Multifunctional Dermatological Platforms: Mechanism-Guided Design and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Exosomes in inflammatory tissue injury: key pathogenic factors and promising therapeutic agents.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Autophagy-Ferroptosis Interplay Network: Redefining Therapeutic Paradigms for Diabetic Wound Healing.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Targeting chemical carcinogenesis: α-pinene and D-limonene as chemopreventive agents against NNK/TCDD- and urethane-induced lung tumorigenesis.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2025Article
- Exposure of Selected Sunscreens to Artificial Sunlight Generates Persistent Free Radicals.Environmental science & technology letters · 2025Article
- Topical Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Formulations for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical and Early-Phase Clinical Evidence.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Panthenol Citrate: A Photoprotective Antioxidative Molecule for Shielding Skin against UV Radiation.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Hyaluronic acid modified chuanxiong oil liposomes as a novel therapeutic agent for photoaging prevention.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Decoding Specificity of Cyanobacterial MysDs in Mycosporine-like Amino Acid Biosynthesis through Heterologous Expression inACS omega · 2025Article
- The role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of metal nanoparticles.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Dysregulation of autophagy during photoaging reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory damage caused by UV.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Six Interferon-Stimulated Genes as Biomarkers of M1 Macrophage Polarization in Psoriasis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Toxicological screening of zinc oxide nanoparticles in mongrel dogs after seven days of repeated subcutaneous injections.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are common materials used in skin-related cosmetics and sunscreen products due to their whitening and strong UV light absorption properties. Although the protective effects of ZnONPs against UV light in intact skin have been well demonstrated, the effects of using ZnONPs on damaged or sunburned skin are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal the detailed underlying mechanisms related to keratinocytes and macrophages exposed to UVB and ZnONPs.
resultsWe demonstrated that ZnONPs exacerbated mouse skin damage after UVB exposure, followed by increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) levels, cell death and epithelial thickness. In addition, ZnONPs could penetrate through the damaged epithelium, gain access to the dermis cells, and lead to severe inflammation by activation of M1 macrophage. Mechanistic studies indicated that co-exposure of keratinocytes to UVB and ZnONPs lysosomal impairment and autophagy dysfunction, which increased cell exosome release. However, these exosomes could be taken up by macrophages, which accelerated M1 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, ZnONPs also induced a lasting inflammatory response in M1 macrophages and affected epithelial cell repair by regulating the autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage exosome secretion.
conclusionsOur findings propose a new concept for ZnONP-induced skin toxicity mechanisms and the safety issue of ZnONPs application on vulnerable skin. The process involved an interplay of lysosomal impairment, autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage exosome secretion. The current finding is valuable for evaluating the effects of ZnONPs for cosmetics applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.