ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2024
Conservation and similarity of bacterial and eukaryotic innate immunity.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discovery of an Antiviral Electron Transfer Process to Create Catalytically Self-Sufficient Viral Restriction Factors.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Oral Actinobacteria sense and defend against parasitic epibionts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Bacterial immune systems.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- A deformableMaterials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Eukaryotic domestication of a bacterial immune protein following horizontal transfer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A phage protein screen identifies triggers of the bacterial innate immune system.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- RNA-triggered innate immunity: friend and foe.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Manipulation of the nucleotide pool in human, bacterial and plant immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Structural mechanism of the Retron-Eco7 anti-phage defense system.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evolutionary characterization of antiviral SAMD9/9L across kingdoms supports ancient convergence and lineage-specific adaptations.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Filament formation and NAD processing by noncanonical human FAM118 sirtuins.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Curli-independent defense againstMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Bacterial TIR-based immune systems sense phage capsids to initiate defense.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- A prophage intercepts pathogenic activity of infecting phage for defense.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Defence systems encoded by core genomic islands of seventh pandemicPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- A choanoflagellate cGLR-STING pathway reveals evolutionary links between bacterial and animal immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Phage defence-system abundances vary across environments and increase with viral density.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogens are ubiquitous and a constant threat to their hosts, which has led to the evolution of sophisticated immune systems in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Bacterial immune systems encode an astoundingly large array of antiviral (antiphage) systems, and recent investigations have identified unexpected similarities between the immune systems of bacteria and animals. In this Review, we discuss advances in our understanding of the bacterial innate immune system and highlight the components, strategies and pathogen restriction mechanisms conserved between bacteria and eukaryotes. We summarize evidence for the hypothesis that components of the human immune system originated in bacteria, where they first evolved to defend against phages. Further, we discuss shared mechanisms that pathogens use to overcome host immune pathways and unexpected similarities between bacterial immune systems and interbacterial antagonism. Understanding the shared evolutionary path of immune components across domains of life and the successful strategies that organisms have arrived at to restrict their pathogens will enable future development of therapeutics that activate the human immune system for the precise treatment of disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.