ReviewHerz2024
Increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Review in Herz, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between fibroblast growth factor 23 and coronary artery calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Statin Therapy and C-reactive Protein in Patients with Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Current drug targets · 2025Pooled it
- Once-weekly semaglutide versus placebo for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease in Denmark: A long-term cost-effectiveness analysis based on FLOW.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Trial
- Immature Neutrophil Phenotype and Enhanced Myeloperoxidase in Male Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Comorbidity.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Targeting Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Lipid Disorders in Patients with Renal Failure: Role in Cardiovascular Events and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Development, structure, and implementation of cardiometabolic clinics in the United States, with a focus on comprehensive patient care.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Review
- Beyond Blood Pressure: Cardiac Structural and Functional Abnormalities in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women with Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Application of ultrasound localization microscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases.Journal of ultrasound · 2026Review
- Comparison of TyG indices and atherogenic index of plasma with hypertension in the PERSIAN Guilan cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clarifying Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Strategies for Intervention of Uremia and Cognitive Decline.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026Review
- The Role of Downstream Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in the Modulation of Cardiovascular Disease Development in Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2026Review
- The Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Canadian respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning to predict NOAF in ICU patients with CKD: validation in US and Chinese cohorts.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Renal Function, Atrial Cardiopathy, and Their Joint Association with Mortality in the General Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Decoding Chronicity: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation as Systems Hubs.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Impaired Kidney Function, Subclinical Myocardial Injury, and Their Joint Associations with Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Gene Expression of Nrf2 and KEAP1 in Monocytes of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease From 1999 to 2020: A Retrospective Study in the United States.Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of patients with CKD developing CVD is manifested already in the early stages of CKD development. The impact of declined kidney function on increased cardiovascular risk and the underlying mechanisms are complex and multifactorial. This review discusses the impact of (a) traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension as well as (b) CKD-specific pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The latter include uremic toxins, post-translational modifications and uremic lipids, innate immune cell activation and inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial cell dysfunction, increased coagulation and altered platelet responses, vascular calcification, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) and sympathetic activation, as well as anemia. Unraveling the complex interplay of different risk factors, especially in the context of patient subcohorts, will help to find new therapeutic approaches in order to reduce the increased cardiovascular risk in this vulnerable patient cohort.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.