ArticleCancer discovery2024
Glioblastoma-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells Are Predominantly a Clonally Expanded GZMK+ Effector Population.
Article in Cancer discovery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of low- and high-intensity focused ultrasound in glioblastoma: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.British journal of cancer · 2026Pooled it
- T cell immunity in glioma and potential implications for immunotherapy: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Tumor-targeted interferon-α gene therapy for glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Abundant CD8British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- scXpand: Pan-cancer detection of T cell clonal expansion from single-cell RNA sequencing without paired single-cell TCR sequencing.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- All-trans retinoic acid suppresses CD8Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Radiotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment: mechanisms of clinical synergy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma: immunobiology and translational implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Exploring the immune environment of glioblastoma in humanized mouse models.Neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Adjuvant personalized multivalent neoantigen DNA vaccination for MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint crosstalk between LAG-3 and CD39/CD73 in glioblastoma: dual-pathway regulation of metabolic exhaustion and therapeutic reversal strategies.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy: Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Clonal embeddings allow exploratory analysis of lineage-resolved single-cell data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- KLRG1 defines a distinct tumor-infiltrating granzyme K+ CD8 + T cell population.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Mapping kinase-dependent tumor immune adaptation with multiplexed single-cell CRISPR screens.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Intratumoral Three-Cell-Type Clusters Are a Conserved Feature of Endogenous Antitumor Immunity.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- RIG-I RNA agonist activates immunostimulatory macrophages to enhance checkpoint immunotherapy for glioblastoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Local Nanomedicine and Nano-Enabled Biomaterials After Glioblastoma Resection.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent clinical trials have highlighted the limited efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapy in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). To better understand the characteristics of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in GBM, we performed cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing with paired V(D)J sequencing, respectively, on TILs from two cohorts of patients totaling 15 patients with high-grade glioma, including GBM or astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 4 (G4A). Analysis of the CD8+ TIL landscape reveals an enrichment of clonally expanded GZMK+ effector T cells in the tumor compared with matched blood, which was validated at the protein level. Furthermore, integration with other cancer types highlights the lack of a canonically exhausted CD8+ T-cell population in GBM TIL. These data suggest that GZMK+ effector T cells represent an important T-cell subset within the GBM microenvironment and may harbor potential therapeutic implications. SIGNIFICANCE: To understand the limited efficacy of immune-checkpoint blockade in GBM, we applied a multiomics approach to understand the TIL landscape. By highlighting the enrichment of GZMK+ effector T cells and the lack of exhausted T cells, we provide a new potential mechanism of resistance to immunotherapy in GBM. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 897.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.