ReviewImmunity, inflammation and disease2024
Potential clinical implications of molecular mimicry-induced autoimmunity.
Review in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Oral-Gut-Immune-Nutrition Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- An immunoinformatic strategy for developing peptide vaccines against autoimmune diseases by targeting cross-reactive bacterial antigens.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Diabetes: A comprehensive review of the Indian landscape in contrast with global trends.World journal of diabetes · 2026Review
- The landscape of cellular immune alteration in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Differentiating naturally occurring and disease associated autoantibodies in MPO-ANCA vasculitis through immunogenomic and epitope comparisons.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Frontier research and clinical application prospects of microbiome biomarkers in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Epstein-Barr virus-associated autoimmunity: a comparative overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Phosphorylation shapes antigen presentation and immune recognition: mechanistic insights and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- When enteritis reaches the heart: acuteLe infezioni in medicina · 2026Article
- On the topical issue of assisted dying: the insurmountable challenges of human existence, and the right to exit.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Adapting CAR-T and CAR-Treg cancer therapies for autoimmunity: innovations and challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- [Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by autoimmune nodopathy: A case report].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2025Article
- BeyondMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics analysis of Rickettsia typhi autoimmune associations and screening of Streptomyces-derived inhibitors.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Desquamative Gingivitis and the Oral Microbiome: Insights into Immune-Microbial Interactions in Mucosal Inflammation.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMolecular mimicry is hypothesized to be a mechanism by which autoimmune diseases are triggered. It refers to sequence or structural homology between foreign antigens and self-antigens, which can activate cross-reactive lymphocytes that attack host tissues. Elucidating the role of molecular mimicry in human autoimmunity could have important clinical implications.
objectiveTo review evidence for the role of molecular mimicry in major autoimmune diseases and discuss potential clinical implications.
methodsComprehensive literature review of clinical trials, observational studies, animal models, and immunology studies on molecular mimicry in multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Guillain-Barre syndrome, autoimmune myocarditis, and primary biliary cirrhosis published from 2000-2023.
resultsSubstantial indirect evidence supports molecular mimicry as a contributor to loss of self-tolerance in several autoimmune conditions. Proposed microbial triggers include Epstein-Barr virus, coxsackievirus, Campylobacter jejuni, and bacterial commensals. Key mechanisms involve cross-reactive T cells and autoantibodies induced by epitope homology between microbial and self-antigens. Perpetuation of autoimmunity involves epitope spreading, inflammatory mediators, and genetic factors.
conclusionsMolecular mimicry plausibly explains initial stages of autoimmune pathogenesis induced by infection or microbiota disturbances. Understanding mimicry antigens and pathways could enable improved prediction, monitoring, and antigen-specific immunotherapy for autoimmune disorders. However, definitive proof of causation in humans remains limited. Further research should focus on establishing clinical evidence and utility.
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