ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2024
Nonlinear association of the systemic immune-inflammatory index with mortality in diabetic patients.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its prognostic significance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the interplay between systemic immune-inflammatory response, nutritional patterns, and metabolic health in MAFLD.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations of Inflammatory Prognosis Index With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) of Patients With and Without Diabetic Neuropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Investigating the Effects of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Its Relationship With Smoking.World journal of surgery · 2025Observational
- Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and osteoarthritis in the US population: the mediating role of systemic immune-inflammation index.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of serum inflammatory markers in early-pregnancy with the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort in Shenzhen, China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Comparative Assessment of the qSOFA, SII, dNLR, and OISS Infection Severity Scores in Diabetic Versus Non-Diabetic Patients with Odontogenic Infections.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Systemic inflammatory biomarkers are novel predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study using data from the NHANES.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association between the systemic immune-inflammation index and the outcome of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Inflammatory indices-Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI)-during Pregnancy and Associations with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: It has been demonstrated that in diabetic patients, an elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is independently connected with higher cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. It is unclear, however, if the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and the mortality rate among diabetic patients are related. Investigating the linkage between SII and diabetes patients' risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death was the aim of the study. Methods: 4972 diabetics who were chosen from six rounds of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2016 were the study's participants. The optimal SII threshold with the highest correlation with survival outcomes was identified by applying the Maximum Selection Ranking Statistical Method (MSRSM). To assess the relationship between SII and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in diabetics, subgroup analysis and Cox regression modeling were employed. Furthermore, smoothed curve fitting was utilized to determine the nonlinear relationship of them. Results: Over the course of a median follow-up of 69 months (interquartile range [IQR], 54-123 months), 1,172 (23.6%) of the 4,972 diabetic patients passed away. These deaths included 332 (6.7%) cardiovascular deaths and 840 (16.9%) non-cardiovascular deaths. Individuals were categorized into higher (>983.5714) and lower (≤983.5714) SII groups according to MSRSM. In multi-variable adjusted models, subjects with higher SII had a significantly increased chance of dying from cardiovascular disease (HR 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.42,2.97) and from all causes (HR 1.60; 95% CI:1.22,1.99). Kplan-Meier curves showed similar results. Subgroup studies based on age, sex, BMI, drinking, smoking, and hypertension revealed that the connection maintained intact. The previously stated variables and SII did not significantly interact (p interaction > 0.05). In diabetic patients, smooth curve fitting revealed a nonlinear correlation between SII and mortality. Conclusion: In diabetic patients, elevated SII is linked to higher cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
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