Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38411774›Full record

ArticleLung2024

Characterization of Codeine Treatment Responders Among Patients with Refractory or Unexplained Chronic Cough: A Prospective Real-World Cohort Study.

Ji-Yoon Oh, Sung-Yoon Kang, Noeul Kang, Ha-Kyeong Won, Eun-Jung Jo, Seung-Eun Lee, Ji-Hyang Lee, Ji-Su Shim, Young-Chan Kim, Youngsang Yoo and 17 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Lung, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Camlipixant in Refractory Chronic Cough: A Phase 2b, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial (SOOTHE).American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025
    Trial
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  3. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Ji-Yoon OhDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Sung-Yoon KangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
Noeul KangDivision of Allergy, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Ha-Kyeong WonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Eun-Jung JoDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
Seung-Eun LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
Ji-Hyang LeeDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Ji-Su ShimDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
Young-Chan KimDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Youngsang YooDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea.
Jin AnDepartment of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Hwa Young LeeDivision of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
So-Young ParkDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Mi-Yeong KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Ji-Ho LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
Byung-Keun KimDivision of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Han-Ki ParkDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Min-Hye KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
Sae-Hoon KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
Sang-Heon KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yoon-Seok ChangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
Sang-Hoon KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Byung-Jae LeeDivision of Allergy, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Kian Fan ChungNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Sang-Heon ChoDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Woo-Jung SongDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. swj0126@amc.seoul.kr.
Korean Chronic Cough Registry Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCodeine is a narcotic antitussive often considered for managing patients with refractory or unexplained chronic cough. This study aimed to evaluate the proportion and characteristics of patients who responded to codeine treatment in real-world practice.

methodsData from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry, a multicenter prospective cohort study, were analyzed. Physicians assessed the response to codeine based on the timing and degree of improvement after treatment initiation. Follow-up assessments included the Leicester Cough Questionnaire and cough severity visual analog scale at six months. In a subset of subjects, objective cough frequency was evaluated following the initiation of codeine treatment.

resultsOf 305 patients, 124 (40.7%) responded to treatments based on anatomic diagnostic protocols, while 181 (59.3%) remained unexplained or refractory to etiological treatments. Fifty-one subjects (16.7%) were classified as codeine treatment responders (those showing a rapid and clear response), 57 (18.7%) as partial responders, and 62 (20.3%) as non-responders. Codeine responders showed rapid improvement in objective cough frequency and severity scores within a week of the treatment. At 6 months, responders showed significantly improved scores in cough scores, compared to non-responders. Several baseline parameters were associated with a more favorable treatment response, including older age, non-productive cough, and the absence of heartburn.

conclusionsApproximately 60% of chronic cough patients in specialist clinics may require antitussive drugs. While codeine benefits some, only a limited proportion (about 20%) of patients may experience rapid and significant improvement. This underscores the urgent need for new antitussive drugs to address these unmet clinical needs.

Indexed as

Antitussive AgentsCodeineChronic CoughCohort StudiesCoughHumansProspective StudiesAntitussive AgentsCodeineCodeineCoughReal-world studyTreatment responders

Identifiers

PMID38411774

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.