ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2024
Nutrients: Signal 4 in T cell immunity.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07363798 (Association of Nutrition and T Cell Immune Activity With Disease Progression in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of Nutrition and T Cell Immune Activity With Disease Progression in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arginine metabolism, polyamine homeostasis and ferroptosis in cancer: Molecular links and therapeutic opportunities (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- A targeted metabolic intervention via exercise applied after vaccination shapes kinetics and durability of serum antibody accompanied by a distinct immunometabolic signature: pilot study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Metabolic Blockade of Glycolysis Diminishes Autoreactive CD4 T-Cell Effector Responses in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Actin conformation dynamics precede force generation in cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Renaissance of antiviral CD8Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- The interplay between lipid metabolism, cancer progression and anti-cancer immunity.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Fit cells, fertile ground: Immunometabolic programming and bone marrow niche support in durable CAR T cell response in leukemia.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Metabolic and transcriptional plasticity supports CD8Immunity · 2026Article
- Supervised fine-tuning enhances unsupervised learning from 45 million amino acids in TCR and peptide sequences.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Spatial instruction of tissue immunity.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Disruption of metabolic licensing by JAK inhibitors constrains CD8 T cell activation and effector function.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic determinants of long-term response in leukemia patients receiving CD19 CAR T cell therapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- CD4Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- STING synergizes with TOX suppressing HO-1 expression to trigger ferroptosis in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell and immunotherapy resistance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Antigen-specific TScience advances · 2026Article
- Research progress on immune tolerance mechanisms in liver metastatic tumors and the "Liver-metastasis-oriented shared-mechanism therapeutic strategy" approach.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Optimized renal protection with combined thymoquinone and glycine treatment: synergistic management of streptozotocin-induced nephropathy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T cells are integral in mediating adaptive immunity to infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Upon immune challenge, T cells exit from a quiescent state, followed by clonal expansion and effector differentiation. These processes are shaped by three established immune signals, namely antigen stimulation (Signal 1), costimulation (Signal 2), and cytokines (Signal 3). Emerging findings reveal that nutrients, including glucose, amino acids, and lipids, are crucial regulators of T cell responses and interplay with Signals 1-3, highlighting nutrients as Signal 4 to license T cell immunity. Here, we first summarize the functional importance of Signal 4 and the underlying mechanisms of nutrient transport, sensing, and signaling in orchestrating T cell activation and quiescence exit. We also discuss the roles of nutrients in programming T cell differentiation and functional fitness and how nutrients can be targeted to improve disease therapy. Understanding how T cells respond to Signal 4 nutrients in microenvironments will provide insights into context-dependent functions of adaptive immunity and therapeutic interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.