ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and the Development of Cardiovascular Disease.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Concomitant pathologies and their impact on schizophrenia: a narrative overview of current evidence.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- The Economic Impact of Cumulative Metabolic Comorbidity Burden in Schizophrenia: A Claims-Based Analysis of Medical Costs in the United States.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Risk of heart failure in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Mental Disorders as Risk Factors for New Onset Cardiovascular Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Real-World Cardiovascular Research Using the German IQVIA Disease Analyzer Database: Methods, Evidence, and Limitations (2000-2025).Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Schizophrenia Across the Reproductive Lifespan.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- The Association Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Primary Care Routine Data in Germany.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Comorbidity patterns and immune-metabolic differences in patients with acute-episode of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular comorbidities in Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Association of Age-Related Eye Diseases with Comorbidity of Coronary Heart Disease and Depression in a Population-Based Cohort Study.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- Meta-analyses of epigenetic age acceleration and GrimAge components of schizophrenia or first-episode psychosis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- JAHA Go Red for Women Spotlight on Women and Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are few data on sex differences in the association between schizophrenia and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to clarify the relationship of schizophrenia with the risk of developing CVDs and to explore the potential modification effect of sex differences. METHODS AND
resultsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using the JMDC Claims Database between 2005 and 2022. The study population included 4 124 508 individuals aged 18 to 75 years without a history of CVD or renal replacement therapy. The primary end point is defined as a composite end point that includes myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary thromboembolism. During a mean follow-up of 1288±1001 days, we observed 182 158 composite end points. We found a significant relationship of schizophrenia with a greater risk of developing composite CVD events in both men and women, with a stronger association observed in women. The hazard ratio for the composite end point was 1.63 (95% CI, 1.52-1.74) in women and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.33-1.52) in men after multivariable adjustment (
conclusionsOur analysis using a large-scale epidemiologic cohort demonstrated that the association between schizophrenia and subsequent CVD events was more pronounced in women than in men, suggesting the clinical importance of addressing schizophrenia and tailoring the CVD prevention strategy based on sex-specific factors.
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