ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2024
U.S. dementia care spending by state: 2010-2019.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Brain-Muscle Axis in Neurodegeneration: Linking Dementia, Sarcopenia, and Exercise-Mediated Neuroprotection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Alzheimer's Disease in Illinois: Analyzing Disparities and Projected Trends.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Associations between U.S. County-Level Social Infrastructure and Dementia among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2020.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2025Article
- Co-calibration of cognitive performance in the National Health and Aging Trends Study with the Health and Retirement Study's Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol: Implications for dementia classification.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- The costs of dementia care by US state: Medical spending and the cost of unpaid caregiving.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- U.S. dementia care spending by state: 2010-2019.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Physical activity patterns and cognitive function in elderly women: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2014.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDementia is the fourth largest cause of death for individuals 70 years of age and older in the United States, and it is tremendously costly. Existing estimates of the indirect costs of dementia are dated and do not report on differences across the United States.
methodsWe used data from multiple surveys to create cost estimates and projections for informal dementia caregiving at the U.S. state level from 2010 through 2050.
resultsIn 2019, the annual replacement cost of informal caregiving was $42,422 per prevalent case, and the forgone wage cost was $10,677 per prevalent case. In 2019, it would have cost $230 billion to hire home health aides to provide all this care. If past trends persist, this cost is expected to grow to $404 billion per year in 2050. DISCUSSION: The cost of informal care varied substantially by state and is expected to grow through at least 2050. HIGHLIGHTS: In the United States in 2019, foregone wages due to informal dementia care was $58 billion. Replacing informal dementia care with health aides would have cost $230 billion. These costs vary dramatically by state, even when assessed per prevalent case. These costs are expected to nearly double by 2050.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.