Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Association of Sex With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients With Obstructive or Central Sleep Apnea.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02664818 (China Heart Failure Registry Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
China Heart Failure Registry Study: A Multicenter, Prospective Investigation of Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcome of Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in loop gain measured via superimposed end-expiratory breath holds and inspired steady-state hypoxia.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- JAHA Go Red for Women Spotlight on Women and Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study investigated the association of sex with cardiovascular outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients with heart failure (HF) with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea. METHODS AND
resultsPatients were screened for sleep apnea on admission using multichannel cardiopulmonary monitoring from May 2015 to July 2018. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or unplanned hospitalization for worsening HF. Ultimately, 453 patients with HF with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea were included; 71 (15.7%) and 382 (84.3%) were women and men, respectively. During a median follow-up of 2.33 years, 248 (54.7%) patients experienced the primary outcome. In the overall population, after adjusting for potential confounders, women had an increased risk of the primary outcome (66.2% versus 52.6%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.47 [95% CI, 1.05-2.04];
conclusionsIn hospitalized patients with HF, female sex was associated with an increased risk of the primary outcome and HF rehospitalization, especially in those with obstructive sleep apnea. Screening for sleep apnea should be emphasized to improve the prognosis. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02664818.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.