Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38409041›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2024

Does variety in hedonic spending improve happiness? Testing alternative causal mechanisms between hedonic variety and subjective well-being.

Joe J Gladstone, Peter M Ruberton, Seth Margolis, Sonja Lyubomirsky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Satisfaction with life, affects, and subjective happiness in military personnel.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Joe J GladstoneLeeds School of Business, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America. joe.gladstone@colorado.edu.
Peter M RubertonDepartment of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Seth MargolisDepartment of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.
Sonja LyubomirskyDepartment of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous research has found only a small, inconsistent association between hedonic consumption and subjective well-being, often attributed to individuals adapting to the happiness gains from their purchases. Given that diverse experiences can reduce or avert hedonic adaptation, we hypothesized that variety in hedonic spending would be associated with greater well-being. This hypothesis was tested in four studies (total N = 2,920), using both self-reported and objective bank-reported spending data. In our correlational analyses, hedonic spending variety was uniquely associated with well-being, even after controlling for total hedonic spending and other financial variables. Our investigation also explored the directional relationship between hedonic spending variety and well-being, yielding mixed results for both causal pathways in two time-lagged panel studies. Additionally, in two parallel experiments, participants reported that varied hedonic spending contributed more to happiness than uniform hedonic spending. These findings have implications for basic well-being science by testing how varied consumption behaviors and well-being are interrelated.

Indexed as

HappinessPersonal SatisfactionHumansSelf ReportConsumer behaviorEconomic psychologyHedonic adaptionSpendingSubjective well-being

Identifiers

PMID38409041
PMCPMC10897990

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.