Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38408489›Full record

ArticleDiabetes & metabolism journal2024

Does the Relationship of the Autonomic Symptoms Questionnaire COMPASS 31 with Cardiovascular Autonomic Tests Differ between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Ilenia D'Ippolito, Marika Menduni, Cinzia D'Amato, Aikaterini Andreadi, Davide Lauro, Vincenza Spallone

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Autonomic neuropathy in diabetes.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ilenia D'IppolitoEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Marika MenduniEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Cinzia D'AmatoEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Aikaterini AndreadiEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Davide LauroEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Vincenza SpalloneEndocrinology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
University of Rome Tor Vergata · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgruoundThe aim was to investigate if autonomic symptoms questionnaire Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS) 31 has different association with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and diagnostic performance between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

methodsSeventy-nine participants with T1DM and 140 with T2DM completed COMPASS 31 before cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs) for CAN, and assessment of symptoms, signs, vibration, and thermal perception thresholds for diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) diagnosis.

resultsCOMPASS 31 total weighted score (TWS) was similar in the two groups, but significantly associated with confirmed CAN only in T1DM (P=0.0056) and not T2DM group (P=0.1768) and correlated with CARTs score more strongly in T1DM (rho=0.356, P=0.0016) than in T2DM group (rho=0.084, P=0.3218) (P=0.016). Only in T1DM and not T2DM group, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) reached a fair diagnostic accuracy (>0.7) for confirmed CAN (0.73±0.07 vs. 0.61±0.08) and DPN (0.75±0.06 vs. 0.68±0.05), although without a significant difference. COMPASS 31 TWS (cut-off 16.44) reached acceptable diagnostic performance in T1DM, with sensitivity for confirmed CAN 81.2% and sensitivity and specificity for DPN 76.3% and 78%, compared to T2DM group (all <70%). AUC for DPN of orthostatic intolerance domain was higher in T1DM compared to T2DM group (0.73±0.05 vs. 0.58±0.04, P=0.027).

conclusionCOMPASS 31 is more weakly related to CAN in T2DM than in T1DM, with a fair diagnostic accuracy for confirmed CAN only in T1DM. This difference supports a multifactorial origin of symptoms and should be considered when using COMPASS 31.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NeuropathiesAdultAgedAutonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System DiseasesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedROC CurveSurveys and QuestionnairesAutonomic nervous system diseasesDiabetes mellitus, type 1Diabetes mellitus, type 2Diabetic neuropathiesDiagnosisNeurologic manifestationsOrthostatic intolerance

Identifiers

PMID38408489
PMCPMC11621654
OpenAlexW4392153820

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.