ReviewThe Lancet. Respiratory medicine2024
Reframing sepsis immunobiology for translation: towards informative subtyping and targeted immunomodulatory therapies.
Review in The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microvascular Effects of Endocannabinoid Signaling in Sepsis: A Mechanistic and Systematic Review.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2026Pooled it
- A consensus blood transcriptomic framework for sepsis.Nature medicine · 2025Guideline
- The efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 for sepsis (TESTS): multicentre, double blinded, randomised, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Trial
- Sepsis subtypes and differential treatment response to vitamin C: biological sub-study of the LOVIT trial.Intensive care medicine · 2025Trial
- Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome: from conceptual framework to biological endotype.Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- Rationalizing Heterogeneity in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Current Progress and Future Goals.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Reframing sepsis through resistance, disease tolerance and damage: a clinically meaningful conceptual shift?Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- Immune responses and immunomodulation in sepsis: a call for identifying treatable mechanisms.Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- The evolution of sepsis care: from protocol-driven management to personalized intensive care.Infection · 2026Review
- Decoding Immune Dysregulation in Sepsis Through Extracellular Vesicles: A Path to Precision Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
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- Article
- Nanotherapeutic Macrophage-Neuro Reprogramming Through Immunometabolic Crosstalk Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury and Neurologic Damage.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A glycopeptide hydrogel confers protection and treatment in sepsis via recruitment and training of macrophages.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Pathogen characteristics are key determinants of distinct host response phenotypes of sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Observational
- The bug, the burden, and the biology: beyond host-centric phenotyping in sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Interferon gamma applied ex vivo restores function to neutrophils from critically ill patients.Thorax · 2026Observational
- Immune Dysregulation in Pediatric Sepsis and the Way Towards Precision Guided Therapy.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Context-specific regulatory genetic variation in MTOR dampens neutrophil-T cell crosstalk in pneumonia-associated sepsis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Real-world longitudinal validation of high-income-country-derived sepsis endotypes in sub-Saharan Africa: a nested prospective multicenter study.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 19 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sepsis is a common and deadly condition. Within the current model of sepsis immunobiology, the framing of dysregulated host immune responses into proinflammatory and immunosuppressive responses for the testing of novel treatments has not resulted in successful immunomodulatory therapies. Thus, the recent focus has been to parse observable heterogeneity into subtypes of sepsis to enable personalised immunomodulation. In this Personal View, we highlight that many fundamental immunological concepts such as resistance, disease tolerance, resilience, resolution, and repair are not incorporated into the current sepsis immunobiology model. The focus for addressing heterogeneity in sepsis should be broadened beyond subtyping to encompass the identification of deterministic molecular networks or dominant mechanisms. We explicitly reframe the dysregulated host immune responses in sepsis as altered homoeostasis with pathological disruption of immune-driven resistance, disease tolerance, resilience, and resolution mechanisms. Our proposal highlights opportunities to identify novel treatment targets and could enable successful immunomodulation in the future.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.