ArticleOncology2024
Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Breast Cancer: Altered Expression Pattern Implicates Divergent Roles in Carcinogenesis.
Article in Oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Whole-proteome phage immunoprecipitation sequencing reveals germ cell tumor-specific immunosignature.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Activation of endogenous retroviruses in tumor cells and their immunomodulatory mechanisms: from molecular basis to clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Expression and Clinicopathological Relevance of Small Nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in Invasive Breast Cancer.Non-coding RNA · 2025Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus ERVK3-1 characterizes a metabolically active and immunosuppressive subtype of liver cancer.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Combination Therapy Approaches to Enhance the Efficacy of ERV-Targeting Vaccines in Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2025Review
- Small Biological Fighters Against Cancer: Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, and Microalgae.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- A genome-wide study of ruminants uncovers two endogenous retrovirus families recently active in goats.Mobile DNA · 2025Article
- Article
- Advancing drug-response prediction using multi-modal and -omics machine learning integration (MOMLIN): a case study on breast cancer clinical data.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBreast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Recent research indicates that human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) may be linked to carcinogenesis, but the data remain controversial.
methodsHERVs' expression was evaluated to show the differences between breast cancer and control samples, and their associations with clinicopathological parameters. Gene expression of 12 HERVs, i.e., ERVE-4, ERVW-1, ERVFRD-1, ERVV-1, ERV3-1, ERVH48-1, ERVMER34-1, ERVK-7, ERVK13-1, ERVK11-1, ERVK3-1, and HCP5, was analyzed by qPCR and/or TCGA datasets for breast cancer.
resultsERV3-1, ERVFRD-1, ERVH48-1, and ERVW-1 provided data to support their tumor suppressor roles in breast cancer. ERV3-1 evinced the best performing diagnostic data based on qPCR, i.e. , AUC: 0.819 (p < 0.0001), sensitivity of 72.41%, and specificity of 89.66%. Lower levels of ERV3-1 were noted in advanced stage and higher grades, and significant negative association was found in relation to Ki-67 levels. Oncogenic roles may be inferred for ERVK13-1, ERVV-1, and ERVMER34-1. Data for ERVK-7, ERVE-4, ERVK11-1, and HCP5 remain inconclusive.
conclusionDifferential HERV expression may be applicable to evaluate novel biomarkers for breast cancer. However, more research is needed to reveal their real clinical impact, the biological roles, and regulatory mechanisms in breast carcinogenesis.
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