ArticlePloS one2024
A retrospective comparison of the biceps femoris long head muscle structure in athletes with and without hamstring strain injury history.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- 3D ultrasonography reveals a twisted proximal aponeurosis within the biceps femoris long head.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Hamstring fascicle behavior during leg curl exercises performed at varying knee joint angles and loading intensities in individuals with a history of unilateral hamstring injury: a randomized cross-over design study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Elucidation of Architectural and Compositional Factors Associated With Inter-Individual Variability in Passive Shear Modulus of the Human Vastus Lateralis in Young Healthy Males.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Article
- Intra- and inter-session reliability of the MyotonPro in measuring the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of the knee extensor and flexor muscles.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Loaded Single-Leg Roman Chair Hold Preferentially Increases Biceps Femoris Activation, Whereas the Nordic Hamstring Exercise Emphasises Semitendinosus Activation in Professional Athletes.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Acute Effects of Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Stiffness: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- MS-Detector: A Hierarchical Deep Learning Method to Detect Muscle Strain Using Bilateral Symmetric Ultrasound Images of the Body.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Neuromechanical basis of region-specific differences and their implications for sport performance and injury prevention: a narrative review.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Posterolateral Corner of the Knee Joint: A Detailed Review of Recent Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Hamstring Muscle Stiffness in Athletes with and without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction History: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHamstring strain injuries (HSI) and re-injuries are endemic in high-speed running sports. The biceps femoris long head (BFlh) is the most frequently injured muscle among the hamstrings. Structural parameters of the hamstring muscle are stated to be susceptible to strain injuries at this location. This retrospective study targeted comparing the BFlh's structural parameters between previously injured and uninjured athletes.
methodsNineteen male athletes with previous BFlh strain injury history and nineteen athletes without former lower extremity injury history were included in this study. Fascicle length, mid-muscle belly and distal musculotendinous (MTJ) passive stiffnesses of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) were examined via b-mode panoramic ultrasound scanning and ultrasound-based shear-wave elastography. Parameter comparisons of both legs within and between athletes with and without injury history were performed.
resultsComparison of the BFlh fascicle length between the injured leg of the injured group and the legs of the controls revealed a trend to shorter fascicle lengths in the injured leg (p = 0.067, d = -0.62). However, the mid-muscle belly passive stiffness of the BFlh was significantly higher in the injured legs (p = 0.009, d = 0.7) compared with the controls. Additionally, the distal MTJ stiffness was much higher in the previously injured legs compared with controls (p < 0.001, d = 1.6).
conclusionsOutcomes support the importance of BFlh properties related to stiffness, and fascicle length for injury susceptibility in athletes. Future prospective studies should determine whether the higher stiffness in the injured athletes is a cause or consequence of the HSI. Physical therapy and rehabilitation programmes after HSI should focus on BFlh muscle properties i.e., elasticity and fascicle length for reducing re-injury and increasing sports performance.
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