ArticleNature communications2024
Persistence in risk and effect of COVID-19 vaccination on long-term health consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07287137 (IDCRP-154), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
IDCRP-154: Comparative Immunogenicity of Respiratory Virus Vaccines (CIRV2) Study
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-COVID syndrome in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh: a systematic narrative review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and healthcare system responses.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Factors affecting the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on post COVID-19 conditions among adults: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Vaccines for preventing infections in adults with haematological malignancies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccines: Systematic Literature Review of Discrete Choice Experiments.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Pre-Infection COVID-19 Vaccination and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Adults Without Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Factors associated with thrombotic events among young adults in India, 2021-23: A multi-centric hospital-based matched case -control study.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- A multicentre case-control study about effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination against pneumonia hospitalization in at-risk adults.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Article
- Excess all-cause mortality in Norway in 2024.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2026Article
- DNA methylation profiles at hospital admission are associated with subsequent severe COVID-19 outcomes.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Development and validation of age-specific predictive models on the risk of post-acute mortality within 1 year of COVID-19 infection.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2026Article
- Effect of COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection status on mortality risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Immunization with MVA-based vaccines protects K18-hACE2 mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated inflammatory lesions in brains.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and impact of long COVID: pathophysiology, neuropsychiatric effects and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Age-specific patterns of all-cause mortality across COVID-19 booster dose groups in two Japanese municipalities: an exploratory analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Temporal dynamics of IgM and IgG after COVID-19 vaccination: a pilot cohort study on breakthrough infections.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Article
- Long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in preventing hospitalization among household contacts: A case-control study from December 2021 to April 2023.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B during interferon antiviral therapy.Biosafety and health · 2025Article
- Trust in Transition: Exploring Changing Trust in Vaccination in the Context of Long Covid in the United Kingdom.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Incidentally Diagnosed Asymptomatic COVID-19 Does Not Increase Total Complication Risk in Total Joint Arthroplasty.Arthroplasty today · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The persisting risk of long-term health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the protection against such risk conferred by COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear. Here we conducted a retrospective territory-wide cohort study on 1,175,277 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection stratified by their vaccination status and non-infected controls to evaluate the risk of clinical sequelae, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality using a territory-wide public healthcare database with population-based vaccination records in Hong Kong. A progressive reduction in risk of all-cause mortality was observed over one year between patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls. Patients with complete vaccination or have received booster dose incurred a lower risk of health consequences including major cardiovascular diseases, and all-cause mortality than unvaccinated or patients with incomplete vaccination 30-90 days after infection. Completely vaccinated and patients with booster dose of vaccines did not incur significant higher risk of health consequences from 271 and 91 days of infection onwards, respectively, whilst un-vaccinated and incompletely vaccinated patients continued to incur a greater risk of clinical sequelae for up to a year following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study provided real-world evidence supporting the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in reducing the risk of long-term health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its persistence following infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.