ArticleCancer cell2024
Chronic stress increases metastasis via neutrophil-mediated changes to the microenvironment.
Article in Cancer cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic psychosocial stress: a role in breast cancer etiology?Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Trends and hotspots in research related to tumor immune escape: bibliometric analysis and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Early immune responses to intradermal lipopolysaccharide in healthy volunteers: prednisolone's impact on TLR4-mediated inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Neutrophils in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune crosstalk in cancer: emerging immunotherapeutic opportunities.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Chronic stress and myeloid immunosuppression in cancer: A neuroimmune link to behavioral dysfunction.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Psychological stress and tumor progression: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Neutrophil-driven immunosuppression in cancer.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Deubiquitinase USP48 Promotes Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis by Stabilizing S100A9 to Drive Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- DVT-primed neutrophils reshape the brain microenvironment to promote brain metastasis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Chronic Stress Promotes Gastric Cancer Metastasis by Inducing Microbiota-Associated Kynurenine Accumulation and Macrophage Remodeling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Integrative bioinformatic and experimental analysis reveals prognostic and immunological roles of psychological stress-related genes in skin cutaneous melanoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Cancer Neuroscience: From Local Neuro-Immune Microenvironments to Systemic Brain-Body Circuitry.MedComm · 2026Review
- Current and future therapies for triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Neural regulation in lung cancer: from mechanisms to new therapeutic perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- GM-CSF Promotes Neutrophil PD-L1 Expression Through the VEGFR-2/STAT6/CSF2 Signaling Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Signaling Under Stress: Targeting the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Cancer.Cancer research · 2026Review
- Depression remodels tumor microenvironment to drive tumor progression: Bio-behavioural signalling pathways and clinical interventions.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk in innate immune cell plasticity within the tumor microenvironment.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- On the Edge of Benefit and Harm: Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with increased risk of metastasis and poor survival in cancer patients, yet the reasons are unclear. We show that chronic stress increases lung metastasis from disseminated cancer cells 2- to 4-fold in mice. Chronic stress significantly alters the lung microenvironment, with fibronectin accumulation, reduced T cell infiltration, and increased neutrophil infiltration. Depleting neutrophils abolishes stress-induced metastasis. Chronic stress shifts normal circadian rhythm of neutrophils and causes increased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation via glucocorticoid release. In mice with neutrophil-specific glucocorticoid receptor deletion, chronic stress fails to increase NETs and metastasis. Furthermore, digesting NETs with DNase I prevents chronic stress-induced metastasis. Together, our data show that glucocorticoids released during chronic stress cause NET formation and establish a metastasis-promoting microenvironment. Therefore, NETs could be targets for preventing metastatic recurrence in cancer patients, many of whom will experience chronic stress due to their disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.