ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2024
Toripalimab, a therapeutic monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody with high binding affinity to PD-1 and enhanced potency to activate human T cells.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitor to standard of care chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of antibody-drug conjugate based therapy in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of emerging clinical evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Bridging BET bromodomain and immune checkpoint inhibitors through generative bioorganic frameworks for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Understanding the Therapeutic Potential of PD-1 Agonism in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- SHP2 as a pivotal modulator of the tumor microenvironment in gastrointestinal cancers: from mechanisms to targeted therapies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Core regulatory mechanisms of the PD-L1 axis and clinical strategies for immune escape and immunotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Pretreatment intratumoral mature TLSs in non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma are associated with response to immunotherapy rechallenge.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Engineering strategies and binding mechanisms of therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibodies approved by regulatory agencies globally.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immuno-oncological Challenges and Chemoresistance in Veterinary Medicine: Probiotics as a New Strategic Tool.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Review
- Exosomal biomarkers and immune checkpoint inhibitors: advancements and future prospects.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Immunohistochemistry for Skin Cancers: A Comprehensive Approach to the Diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Signal mining and analysis of influencing factors for adverse events of Nivolumab and Cetuximab in the treatment of head and neck cancer based on the US FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Are all programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors the same?Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Toripalimab induces exacerbation of psoriasis in an esophageal cancer patient: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Case Report: Trastuzumab deruxtecan plus toripalimab in ERBB2-amplified cervical mucosal melanoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The adverse events of toripalimab in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on FAERS database and bibliometric analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Unveiling the best immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting: an updated systematic review and Bayesian network analysis.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy in first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: perspectives from the United States and China.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis in oncogenesis and its targeting by bioactive natural compounds for cancer immunotherapy.Military Medical Research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past decade, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed death-1 (PD-1) have demonstrated significant clinical benefit particularly in patients with PD-L1 expressing tumors. Toripalimab is a humanized anti-PD-1 antibody, approved by FDA for first-line treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in combination with chemotherapy. In a post hoc analysis of phase 3 studies, toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy improved overall survival irrespective of PD-L1 status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (JUPITER-02), advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CHOICE-01) and advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (JUPITER-06). On further characterization, we determined that toripalimab is molecularly and functionally differentiated from pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 mAb approved previously for treating a wide spectrum of tumors. Toripalimab, which binds the FG loop of PD-1, has 12-fold higher binding affinity to PD-1 than pembrolizumab and promotes significantly more Th1- and myeloid-derived inflammatory cytokine responses in healthy human PBMCs in vitro. In an ex vivo system employing dissociated tumor cells from treatment naïve non-small cell lung cancer patients, toripalimab induced several unique genes in IFN-γ and immune cell pathways, showed different kinetics of activation and significantly enhanced IFN-γ signature. Additionally, binding of toripalimab to PD-1 induced lower levels of SHP1 and SHP2 recruitment, the negative regulators of T cell activation, in Jurkat T cells ectopically expressing PD-1. Taken together, these data demonstrate that toripalimab is a potent anti-PD-1 antibody with high affinity PD-1 binding, strong functional attributes and demonstrated clinical activity that encourage its continued clinical investigation in several types of cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.