Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38400895›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2025

Validating the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for Autism in a Sample of Australian School-Aged Children on the Spectrum.

Maya Hayden-Evans, Kiah Evans, Benjamin Milbourn, Emily D'Arcy, Angela Chamberlain, Bahareh Afsharnejad, Andrew Whitehouse, Sven Bölte, Sonya Girdler

Open access · hybridAbstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Maya Hayden-EvansCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia. maya.hayden-evans@curtin.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-5696
Kiah EvansCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Benjamin MilbournCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Emily D'ArcyCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Angela ChamberlainCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Bahareh AfsharnejadCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Andrew WhitehouseTelethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia.
Sven BölteCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
Sonya GirdlerCurtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
The Kids Research Institute Australia · AUCurtin University · AUThe University of Western Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Assessing functioning of children on the autism spectrum is necessary to determine the level of support they require to participate in everyday activities across contexts. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a comprehensive biopsychosocial framework recommended for classifying health-related functioning in a holistic manner, across the components of body functions, activities and participation, and environmental factors. The ICF Core Sets (ICF-CSs) are sub-sets of relevant codes from the broader framework that provide a basis for developing condition-specific measures. This study combined the ICF-CSs for autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cerebral palsy (CP) to validate the ICF-CSs for autism in an Australian sample of school-aged children. This cross-sectional study involved caregivers of school-aged children on the spectrum (n = 70) completing an online survey and being visited in their homes by an occupational therapist to complete the proxy-report measure based on the ICF-CSs for autism, ADHD and CP. Absolute and relative frequencies of ratings for each of the codes included in the measure were calculated and reported, along with the number of participants who required clarification to understand the terminology used. Findings indicate that the body functions and activities and participation represented in the ICF-CSs for autism were the most applicable for the sample. However, findings relating to environmental factors were less conclusive. Some codes not currently included in the ICF-CSs for autism may warrant further investigation, and the language used in measures based on the ICF-CSs should be revised to ensure clarity.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderAutistic DisorderDisability EvaluationInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and HealthActivities of Daily LivingAdolescentAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAustraliaCerebral PalsyChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesAssessmentAutismContent ValidityFunctioningICF core setsMeasure

Identifiers

PMID38400895
PMCPMC11933195
OpenAlexW4392138428

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.