ReviewViruses2024
Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Cytokines during Influenza and COVID-19.
Review in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antiviral activities of multiple antivirals against highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a cytokine-associated nomogram for predicting severe influenza A virus infection in children.Virus genes · 2026Article
- A dual-adjuvanted HA stem nanoparticle vaccine elicits a multifunctional antibody response that is associated with protection in newborn monkeys.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Engaging Gut-to-Brain Signalling to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Dual Inhibition of PB2 and JAK2 for Influenza: A Strategy Combining Antiviral and Host-Directed Immune Modulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cytokine Dynamics in Severe COVID-19 vs. Influenza A Elderly Patients: A Prospective Comparative Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Safety Assessment of Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapy in Regenerative Dentistry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor Microenvironment Onmyoji: Cytokines with Dual Protumor and Antitumor Roles.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Article
- Fatal Influenza B-MRSA Coinfection in a Healthy Adolescent: Necrotizing Pneumonia, Cytokine Storm, and Multi-Organ Failure.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Cytokine Profile in Women Affected by Chikungunya: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort in Northeastern Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2025Article
- Is There such a Thing as Post-Viral Depression?: Implications for Precision Medicine.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytokines are signaling molecules that play a role in myriad processes, including those occurring during diseases and homeostasis. Their homeostatic function begins during embryogenesis and persists throughout life, including appropriate signaling for the cell and organism death. During viral infections, antiviral cytokines such as interferons and inflammatory cytokines are upregulated. Despite the well-known benefits of these cytokines, their levels often correlate with disease severity, linking them to unfavorable outcomes. In this review, we discuss both the beneficial and pathological functions of cytokines and the potential challenges in separating these two roles. Further, we discuss challenges in targeting these cytokines during disease and propose a new method for quantifying the cytokine effect to limit the pathological consequences while preserving their beneficial effects.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.