ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Lupus Erythematosus.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA-4): Between immune tolerance and genetic predisposition to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy-Induced Scarring Alopecia: A Case Series.Skin appendage disorders · 2026Article
- The management of rheumatic immune related adverse events.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Bridging B-cell autoimmunity and oncology: the PD-1/PD-L1 paradox in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune-related adverse events in patients with preexisting myasthenia gravis and thymoma following immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: a retrospective, observational study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Pathogenic drivers of lupus myocarditis and potential therapeutic targets.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Characterisation of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study using FAERS database.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Scarring alopecia as an unexpected consequence of immune checkpoint inhibition.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Pembrolizumab-Mediated Complete Remission of a PLA2R-Positive Paraneoplastic Membranous Nephropathy: A Case Report.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Autoimmune Diseases in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Epidemiological Study Using A Global Network of Health Care Organizations.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- PD-1 activation mitigates lupus nephritis by suppressing hyperactive and heterogeneous PD-1Theranostics · 2025Article
- A multi-omics features-based approach integrating immunogenicity and inflammation enhances immunotherapy benefit in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus triggered by sintilimab: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the standard of care for a growing number of malignancies. Unfortunately, they are associated with a broad range of unique toxicities that mimic the presentations of primary autoimmune conditions. These adverse events are termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), of which ICI-lupus erythematosus (ICI-LE) constitutes a small percentage. Our review aims to describe the available literature on ICI-LE and ICI treatment for patients with pre-existing lupus. Most diagnoses of ICI-LE had findings of only cutaneous lupus; four diagnoses of ICI-LE had systemic lupus manifestations. Over 90% (27 of 29) of cases received anti-PD-1/PDL-1 monotherapy, 1 received combination therapy, and 1 received only anti-CTLA-4 treatment. About three-fourths (22 of 29 or 76%) of patients with ICI-lupus were managed with topical steroids, 13 (45%) received hydroxychloroquine, and 10 (34%) required oral corticosteroids. In our case series, none of the patients with pre-existing lupus receiving ICI therapy for cancer had a flare of their lupus, but few had de novo irAE manifestations, all of which were characterized as low-grade. The review of the literature yielded seven ICI-LE flares from a total of 27 patients with pre-existing lupus who received ICI. Most flares were manageable without need for ICI cessation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.