Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38399401›Full record

ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Biopolymeric Nanogel as a Drug Delivery System for Doxorubicin-Improved Drug Stability and Enhanced Antineoplastic Activity in Skin Cancer Cells.

Lyubomira Radeva, Maya M Zaharieva, Ivanka Spassova, Daniela Kovacheva, Ivanka Pencheva-El Tibi, Hristo Najdenski, Krassimira Yoncheva

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Application of chitosan-based nanogels for dermal and transdermal delivery systems.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Temperature- and pH-Responsive Poly(NIPAM-Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lyubomira RadevaFaculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0002-3456-7027
Maya M ZaharievaThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0001-8548-5649
Ivanka SpassovaInstitute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0002-6059-9508
Daniela KovachevaInstitute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0002-1799-0851
Ivanka Pencheva-El TibiFaculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Hristo NajdenskiThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-3221-2545
Krassimira YonchevaFaculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-2704-3054
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences · BGMedical University of Sofia · BG

Funding

European Union-NextGenerationEU, through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria, project № BG-RRP-2.004-0004-C01 BG-RRP-2.004-0004-C01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, doxorubicin was loaded in a chitosan-albumin nanogel with the aim of improving its stability and exploring the potential of the system in the treatment of skin cancer. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the encapsulation of the drug. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical shape of the nanogel particles. The drug-loaded nanogel was characterized with a small diameter of 29 nm, narrow polydispersity (0.223) and positive zeta potential (+34 mV). The exposure of encapsulated doxorubicin to light (including UV irradiation and daylight) did not provoke any degradation, whereas the nonencapsulated drug was significantly degraded. In vitro studies on keratinocytes (HaCaT) and epidermoid squamous skin carcinoma cells (A-431) disclosed that the encapsulated doxorubicin was more cytotoxic on both cell lines than the pure drug was. More importantly, the cytotoxic concentration of encapsulated doxorubicin in carcinoma cells was approximately two times lower than that in keratinocytes, indicating that it would not affect them. Thus, the loading of doxorubicin into the developed chitosan-albumin nanogel definitely stabilized the drug against photodegradation and increased its antineoplastic effect on the skin cancer cell line.

Indexed as

albuminchitosandoxorubicindrug stabilitynanogelskin cancer

Identifiers

PMID38399401
PMCPMC10891966
OpenAlexW4391403439

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.