ArticlePharmaceutics2024
The Effect of Cholesterol Content on the Adjuvant Activity of Nucleic-Acid-Free Lipid Nanoparticles.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting the lipid ratio in lipid nanoparticles: A comparison of OFAT and design of experiments approaches.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Translational Advances in Lipid Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy: Current Status and Future Horizons.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Decrypting the Immune Symphony for RNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Liposomal lipid nanoparticles for extrahepatic delivery of mRNA.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Emerging Immunotherapies in Lung Cancer: The Latest Advances and the Future of mRNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of mRNA.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Navigating the intricate in-vivo journey of lipid nanoparticles tailored for the targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics: a quality-by-design approach.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RNA vaccines are applicable to the treatment of various infectious diseases via the inducement of robust immune responses against target antigens by expressing antigen proteins in the human body. The delivery of messenger RNA by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has become a versatile drug delivery system used in the administration of RNA vaccines. LNPs are widely considered to possess adjuvant activity that induces a strong immune response. However, the properties of LNPs that contribute to their adjuvant activity continue to require clarification. To characterize the relationships between the lipid composition, particle morphology, and adjuvant activity of LNPs, the nanostructures of LNPs and their antibody production were evaluated. To simply compare the adjuvant activity of LNPs, empty LNPs were subcutaneously injected with recombinant proteins. Consistent with previous research, the presence of ionizable lipids was one of the determinant factors. Adjuvant activity was induced when a tiny cholesterol assembly (cholesterol-induced phase, ChiP) was formed according to the amount of cholesterol present. Moreover, adjuvant activity was diminished when the content of cholesterol was excessive. Thus, it is plausible that an intermediate structure of cholesterol (not in a crystalline-like state) in an intra-particle space could be closely related to the immunogenicity of LNPs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.