ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2024
The Role of Glutathione and Its Precursors in Type 2 Diabetes.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Glutathione Biology in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiological Roles, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Perspective: Beta Cell Glucose Toxicity in Type 2 Diabetes: Nrf2 and the Endogenous Antioxidant Response.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Glutathione in Our Diet and Its Role in the Body: From Disease Prevention to Anti-Aging.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Glutathione Supplementation in Patients with HIV Infection and HIV-Tuberculosis Co-Infection.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Grape Exosome-Like Nanovesicles Reverse the Prediabetic State in Mice.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- From omics to AI-mapping the pathogenic pathways in type 2 diabetes.FEBS letters · 2025Review
- Supplementation with Probiotic Camel Milk Powder Improves Serum Glucose and Cholesterol as Well as the Related Cytokines in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Protective Effect ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Strategies for MASH: An Update on Drug Candidates Under Investigation in Late-Phase Clinical Trials.International journal of translational medicine (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) Relieves Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Rat Model via Modulation of Lipotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Glutathione and a Pool of Metabolites Partly Related to Oxidative Stress Are Associated with Low and High Myopia in an Altered Bioenergetic Environment.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Glutathione Induces Keap1 S-Glutathionylation and Mitigates Oscillating Glucose-Induced β-Cell Dysfunction by Activating Nrf2.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major worldwide health crisis affecting about 6.2% of the world's population. Alarmingly, about one in five children in the USA have prediabetes. Glutathione (GSH) and its precursors play a promising role in the prevention and management of type T2D. Oxidative stress (OxS) is a probable factor in both T2D initiation and progression. GSH is the major cytosolic water-soluble chemical antioxidant and emerging evidence supports its role in improving T2D outcomes. Dietary supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and/or glycine (GLY), which are GSH precursors, has also been studied for possible beneficial effects on T2D. This review will focus on the underlying pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms linking GSH and its precursors with T2D and OxS. In addition to their traditional antioxidant roles, the in vivo effects of GSH/NAC/GLY supplements will be evaluated for their potential abilities to modulate the complex pro-oxidant pathophysiological factors (e.g., hyperglycemia) driving T2D progression. Positive feedback loops that amplify OxS over long time intervals are likely to result in irreversible T2D micro- and macro-vascular damage. Most clinical studies with GSH/NAC/GLY have focused on adults or the elderly. Future research with pediatric populations should be a high priority since early intervention is critical.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.