ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Singapore's Total Diet Study (2021-2023): Study Design, Methodology, and Relevance to Ensuring Food Safety.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pesticide prioritization based on risk and model diet proposals for assessing cumulative exposure to pesticide residues in the Brazilian population through food consumption.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Probabilistic dietary exposure assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its associated disease burden in Singapore.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a photographic food atlas for portion size estimation in Singapore.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Applying network analysis to explore family and peer influence on diet and health in households of Singaporean young adults: findings from an online network survey.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- First Total Diet Study of Aflatoxins in Singapore: Exposure Risk, High-Risk Foods, and Public Health Implications.Toxins · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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Abstract
A total diet study is often used to evaluate a population's baseline dietary exposure to chemical hazards from across the diet. In 2021-2023, Singapore carried out a TDS, and this article presents an overview of the study design and methodological selections in Singapore's TDS, as well as its relevance to ensuring food safety. A food consumption survey was conducted on Singapore citizens and permanent residents, where food consumption patterns of the Singapore population were identified. The selection of chemical hazards and foods for inclusion in Singapore's TDS, as well as principal considerations on sampling, food preparation, and analytical testing are discussed. Commonly consumed foods by the Singapore population in food categories such as grain and grain-based products, meat and meat products, fish and seafood, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products were included in this study, and mean concentrations of chemicals tested in each food category were reported, with food categories possessing higher levels identified. Future work will include dietary exposure assessments for the population and analysis of the contributions by food and cooking method.
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