ArticleScientific reports2024
Exosomes of endothelial progenitor cells repair injured vascular endothelial cells through the Bcl2/Bax/Caspase-3 pathway.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exosome-Mediated Systemic Signaling: Mechanisms, Disease Integration, and Translational Potential.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Telmisartan protects male reproductive function by modulating biochemical, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA integrity in cyclophosphamide-exposed rats.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- A review of recent advances in exosome-mediated drug delivery for regenerative therapy and immunomodulation.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Enhancing Anti-Tumor Effects of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles via Endocytosis Route Switching and Interferon Response Suppression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Fabrication of3 Biotech · 2025Article
- CD20 targeted nanomedicine for GCB-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma through synergistic effects of apoptosis and ferroptosis.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Small extracellular vesicles: the origins, current status, future prospects, and applications.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- NGR1 reduces neuronal apoptosis through regulation of ITGA11 following subarachnoid hemorrhage.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Exosomes in arteriovenous fistula stenosis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Exosomes as Regulators of Macrophages in Cardiovascular Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles: the world of potential prospects for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of exosomes derived from endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-Exo) on neointimal formation induced by balloon injury in rats. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate the potential of EPC-Exo to promote proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptotic effects of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in vitro. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these observed effects will also be thoroughly explored and analyzed. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was isolated aseptically from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and cultured in complete medium. The cells were then identified using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The EPC-Exo were isolated and confirmed the identities by western-blot, transmission electron microscope, and nanoparticle analysis. The effects of EPC-Exo on the rat carotid artery balloon injury (BI) were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western-blot and qPCR. LPS was used to establish an oxidative damage model of VECs. The mechanism of EPC-Exo repairing injured vascular endothelial cells was detected by measuring the proliferation, migration, and tube function of VECs, actin cytoskeleton staining, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence, western-blot and qPCR. In vivo, EPC-Exo exhibit inhibitory effects on neointima formation following carotid artery injury and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6. Additionally, EPC-Exo downregulate the expression of adhesion molecules on the injured vascular wall. Notably, EPC-Exo can adhere to the injured vascular area, promoting enhanced endothelial function and inhibiting vascular endothelial hyperplasia Moreover, they regulate the expression of proteins and genes associated with apoptosis, including B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated x (Bax), and Caspase-3. In vitro, experiments further confirmed that EPC-Exo treatment significantly enhances the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of VECs. Furthermore, EPC-Exo effectively attenuate lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced apoptosis of VECs and regulate the Bcl2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway. This study demonstrates that exosomes derived from EPCs have the ability to inhibit excessive carotid intimal hyperplasia after BI, promote the repair of endothelial cells in the area of intimal injury, and enhance endothelial function. The underlying mechanism involves the suppression of inflammation and anti-apoptotic effects. The fundamental mechanism for this anti-apoptotic effect involves the regulation of the Bcl2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway.
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