Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38395747›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024

Overreporting of adherence to hepatitis C direct-acting antiviral therapy and sustained virologic response among people who inject drugs in the HERO study.

Snehal S Lopes, Irene Pericot-Valverde, Paula J Lum, Lynn E Taylor, Shruti H Mehta, Judith I Tsui, Judith Feinberg, Arthur Y Kim, Brianna L Norton, Kimberly Page and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Peer-Assisted Telemedicine for Hepatitis C in People Who Use Drugs: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.

Snehal S LopesDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA.
Irene Pericot-ValverdeDepartment of Psychology, College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA.
Paula J LumDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, 94110, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Lynn E TaylorDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, 02881, Kingston, RI, USA.
Shruti H MehtaDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E6546, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Judith I TsuiDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, 98104, Seattle, WA, USA.
Judith FeinbergDepartment of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 930 Chestnut Ridge Road, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Arthur Y KimDivision of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, 02114, Boston, MA, USA.
Brianna L NortonAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA.
Kimberly PageDepartment of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, University of New Mexico, MSC 10, 5550, 87131, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Cristina Murray-KrezanDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jessica AndersonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, University of New Mexico, MSC 10, 5550, 87131, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Alison KaraszUMass Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave, North, 01605, Worcester, MA, USA.
Julia ArnstenAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA.
Phillip MoschellaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Prisma Health, Greenville, SC, USA.
Moonseong HeoDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA.
Alain H LitwinSchool of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA. alain.litwin@prismahealth.org.
Clemson University · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USPrisma Health · USUniversity of New Mexico · USHarvard University · USJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USUniversity of Rhode Island · USUniversity of San Francisco · USUniversity of Washington · USWest Virginia University · US

Funding

Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute HPC-1503-28122
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-reported adherence to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) among persons who inject drugs (PWID) is often an overreport of objectively measured adherence. The association of such overreporting with sustained virologic response (SVR) is understudied. This study among PWID aimed to determine a threshold of overreporting adherence that optimally predicts lower SVR rates, and to explore correlates of the optimal overreporting threshold.

methodsThis study analyzed per-protocol data of participants with adherence data (N = 493) from the HERO (Hepatitis C Real Options) study. Self-reported and objective adherence to a 12-week DAA regimen were measured using visual analogue scales and electronic blister packs, respectively. The difference (Δ) between self-reported and objectively measured adherence was calculated. We used the Youden index based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to identify an optimal threshold of overreporting for predicting lower SVR rates. Factors associated with the optimal threshold of overreporting were identified by comparing baseline characteristics between participants at/above versus those below the threshold.

resultsThe self-reported, objective, and Δ adherence averages were 95.1% (SD = 8.9), 75.9% (SD = 16.3), and 19.2% (SD = 15.2), respectively. The ≥ 25% overreporting threshold was determined to be optimal. The SVR rate was lower for ≥ 25% vs. < 25% overreporting (86.7% vs. 95.8%, p <.001). The factors associated with ≥ 25% Δ adherence were unemployment; higher number of days and times/day of injecting drugs; higher proportion of positive urine drug screening for amphetamine, methamphetamine, and oxycodone, and negative urine screening for THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)/cannabis.

conclusionsSelf-reported DAA adherence was significantly greater than objectively measured adherence among PWID by 19.2%. Having ≥ 25% overreported adherence was associated with optimal prediction of lower SVR rates. PWID with risk factors for high overreporting may need to be more intensively managed to promote actual adherence.

Indexed as

Drug UsersHepatitis CHepatitis C, ChronicSubstance Abuse, IntravenousAntiviral AgentsHepacivirusHumansSustained Virologic ResponseAntiviral AgentsAdherenceElectronic blister packHCV DAAObjective measureOverreportingPersons who inject drugsSelf-reportSVRVisual analog scale

Identifiers

PMID38395747
PMCPMC10893697
OpenAlexW4392100836

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.