ArticleBMJ open ophthalmology2024
Needs and views on eye health and women's empowerment and theory of change map: implication on the development of a women-targeted eyecare programme for older Zanzibari craftswomen.
Article in BMJ open ophthalmology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- A scoping review of theoretical and measurement approaches to women's empowerment in low-and middle-income countries' capacity-building interventions.Global health action · 2026Article
- Seeing the unseen: The low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- Change in subjective well-being and the associated costs of a woman-targeted presbyopia correction programme among older craftswomen in Zanzibar: a cost-outcome and scenario analysis.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo assess needs and views regarding eye health and empowerment from craftswomen's perspectives to develop a theory of change (ToC) for a women-targeted eyecare programme. MATERIAL AND
methodsEighteen stakeholders participated in a 2-day consultation workshop in Zanzibar. The composition was (1) 15 women and 3 men; (2) Unguja (n=8), Pemba (n=6) and Tanzania mainland (n=4) and (3) craftswomen (n=14) and governmental stakeholders (n=4). Thematic analysis determined the craftswomen's needs and views regarding eye health and empowerment and subsequently inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes and impact to develop the programme's initial ToC. In refining the initial ToC, we used insights from a qualitative study suggesting that improved near vision is perceived by craftswomen as a potential source of empowerment across economic, psychological, social, political and educational dimensions.
resultsThe eye conditions experienced by the craftswomen were eye irritation caused by foreign bodies, the need for near spectacles and other eye morbidities. They were advised by the cooperatives to visit eye health centres for treatment. The main barriers to accessing services were inaccessibility and unaffordability of eye services and a lack of eye health knowledge and practices. Nineteen subthemes on women empowerment (economic n=4, social n=4, psychological n=6, education n=2 and political n=3) were obtained. We created a ToC on how investing in improving craftswomen near vision could achieve empowerment.
conclusionThe participants provided insights into their needs and how they would like the eyecare programme to be implemented and how they see they could be empowered in the process.
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Registered trials
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