ArticleRMD open2024
Exploring radiographic patterns of the cervical spine, including zygapophyseal joints, in axial spondyloarthritis.
Article in RMD open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of initial axial involvement on the phenotypic evolution of axial spondyloarthritis: 10-year data from the DESIR cohort.RMD open · 2026Article
- Sex differences in axial spondyloarthritis: biological mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, and therapeutic implications - a narrative review.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe assessment of the cervical spine (CS) in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and its radiographic characteristics, including the zygapophyseal joints (ZJ), may be helpful for an accurate diagnosis, establishing a prognosis and enhancing treatment decisions.
objectivesTo describe the prevalence and characteristics of CS involvement in patients with axSpA and perform a comparison between groups according to cervical radiographic damage.
methodsPatients who fulfilled the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria were included from January 2011 to January 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, radiographic and treatment variables were gathered. Patients were categorised into 'CS group' (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index ≥2 or De Vlam score ≥3 for ZJ) and 'no CS group' as controls. ZJ fusion and interobserver reliability in ZJ scoring were analysed.
resultsA total of 340 patients were included, 244 (71.7%) men, with mean age 57±15 years. CS involvement was observed in 181 (53.2%) patients. Patients in the CS group, as compared with no CS group, were predominantly men, older, had a higher body mass index, higher prevalence of smoking, showed higher disease activity, worse functionality and mobility, as well as more structural damage. Sixty-nine patients with CS involvement had ZJ fusion at some level. These patients showed worse mobility and more radiographic damage. Overall, ZJ involvement was observed in 99 patients (29.1%), 20 of whom did not present with vertebral body involvement.
conclusionRadiographic evaluation of CS is relevant in patients with axSpA and should be assessed routinely. Evaluation of the ZJ is particularly significant, as it is related to higher disease activity and worse function.
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