ReviewVeterinary sciences2024
Freezing Stallion Semen-What Do We Need to Focus on for the Future?
Review in Veterinary sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stallion Sperm Lyophilisation: Effect of Source of Sperm and Reproductive Season.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Effect of Seminal Plasma from Good and Bad Freezer Stallions on Post-Thaw Acrosomal Integrity of SLC-Selected Spermatozoa.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Antioxidant Activity of Stallion Spermatozoa After Cryopreservation with Natural Antioxidant-Supplemented Extenders.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The Impacts of Mitoquinone Supplementation on Oxidative Status and Cryo-Survival of Cryopreserved Male Donkey (Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Holotomography and Multivariate Analysis Reveal Donor-Specific Responses to Antioxidant Supplementation During Stallion Sperm Cryopreservation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of the Freezing Diluent Tonicity and Prefreezing Cooling Rates on Post-Thaw Sperm Quality Markers in the Pure-Bred Arabian Stallion.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Quantitative holographic analysis in stallion spermatozoa following cryopreservation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Repeatability of Selected Parameters Related to Stallion Sperm Quality and Cryotolerance.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effect of Centrifugation of Stallion Semen Through a Low Density Colloid Prior to Freezing on Sperm Cryosurvival.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effect of Season on the Characteristics of Warmblood Stallion Spermatozoa Stored in a Liquid State at 5 °C.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) is used frequently in the breeding of sport horses, apart from Thoroughbreds. Most AIs are carried out with cooled semen rather than frozen semen because of the difficulties in identifying a protocol that is suitable for freezing most ejaculates and the necessity to inseminate close to ovulation because of the short life of the thawed spermatozoa. More widespread use of frozen semen would improve biosecurity, allow greater choice of stallions, and offer more flexibility when managing deliveries of semen to the stud. It would even decrease the amount of antibiotics used in semen extenders, since the volume of frozen semen is smaller than when cooled semen is inseminated. However, there is considerable variability in the cryosurvival of spermatozoa from different stallions, leading to the classification of stallions as good or bad freezers. Improvements could be made at the level of stallion nutrition, the semen collection regimen, the extender, the removal of seminal plasma, and the cooling protocol, among others. Stallion sperm membranes are highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, but research on antioxidants has failed to identify an additive that would benefit all stallions. In the future, biomarkers for sperm freezability could be used as an aid in identifying suitable ejaculates for cryopreservation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.