ArticleCells2024
Morphological Changes of 3T3 Cells under Simulated Microgravity.
Article in Cells, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-translational modification-regulating biomaterials for regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Simulated Microgravity Inhibited the Proliferation of Bovine Muscle Satellite Cells.Physiological research · 2026Article
- Review
- Microgravity and cancer cells: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Enhanced Ciliogenesis of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Simulated Microgravity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biomanufacturing in low Earth orbit: A paradigm shift.Stem cell reports · 2025Review
- The Proliferation of Chang Liver Cells After Simulated Microgravity Induction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Shifts in Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells during Microgravity Simulation.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Omics Studies of Specialized Cells and Stem Cells under Microgravity Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Dynamic cellular responses to gravitational forces: Exploring the impact on white blood cell(s).Biomicrofluidics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCells are sensitive to changes in gravity, especially the cytoskeletal structures that determine cell morphology. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of simulated microgravity (SMG) on 3T3 cell morphology, as demonstrated by a characterization of the morphology of cells and nuclei, alterations of microfilaments and microtubules, and changes in cycle progression.
methods3T3 cells underwent induced SMG for 72 h with Gravite
resultsThe results show that SMG led to decreased nuclear intensity, nuclear area, and nuclear shape and increased cell diameter in 3T3 cells. The 3T3 cells in the SMG group appeared to have a flat form and diminished microvillus formation, while cells in the control group displayed an apical shape and abundant microvilli. The 3T3 cells under SMG exhibited microtubule distribution surrounding the nucleus, compared to the perinuclear accumulation in control cells. Irregular forms of the contractile ring and polar spindle were observed in 3T3 cells under SMG. The changes in cytoskeleton structure were caused by alterations in the expression of major cytoskeletal proteins, including β-actin and α-tubulin 3. Moreover, SMG induced 3T3 cells into the arrest phase by reducing main cell cycle related genes, which also affected the formation of cytoskeleton structures such as microfilaments and microtubules.
conclusionsThese results reveal that SMG generated morphological changes in 3T3 cells by remodeling the cytoskeleton structure and downregulating major structural proteins and cell cycle regulators.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.