ArticleOncogene2024
Cancer-associated fibroblasts rewire the estrogen receptor response in luminal breast cancer, enabling estrogen independence.
Article in Oncogene, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The mechanism of breast cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment promoting radioresistance in breast cancer and its intervention strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Transcriptomic Profiling of Canine Testicular Leydig Cell Tumors Uncovers Key Upregulated Gene Pathways.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- CAFs and Endocrine Therapy Resistance in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Therapy as a State-Generator: Dynamic Phenotypic Landscapes and Adaptive Stress Circuits in Chemotherapy Resistance of Breast Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Resistance and Synergy: The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in HER2-Low Breast Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spatial proteomics of breast ductal carcinoma in situ reveal distinct regional differences.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A highly resolved integrated single-cell atlas of HPV-negative head and neck cancer.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- The Recycling Collagen Receptor uPARAP Is a Unique Mediator of Stromal Drug Delivery to Carcinoma Cells.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword of SASP in breast cancer: from tumor suppression to progression and therapy resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Advances in intratumoral immunotherapy from a neuro-immune-endocrine perspective for breast cancer treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Alternate actions of CDK4/6 inhibitors beyond cell cycle blockade: unexplored roles in therapy resistance.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
- Estrogen Receptors as Key Factors in Carcinogenesis.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The untapped potential of radiation and immunotherapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- Tumors and their microenvironments: Learning from pediatric brain pathologies.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2025Review
- Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Resistance to Endocrine Therapy and CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Advanced ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomes reveals the role of COL1A2(+) MMP1(+/-) cancer-associated fibroblasts in ER-positive breast cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Pan‑cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TERF2) in human tumors and in vitro validation in gastric cancer by TERF2 knockdown.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Sex bias in tumor immunity: insights from immune cells.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Sex hormones and immune regulation in ovarian cancer.Discover oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Advanced breast cancers represent a major therapeutic challenge due to their refractoriness to treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant constituents of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer. However, the influence of CAFs on therapeutic outcome remains largely unchartered. Here, we reveal that spatial coincidence of abundant CAF infiltration with malignant cells was associated with reduced estrogen receptor (ER)-α expression and activity in luminal breast tumors. Notably, CAFs mediated estrogen-independent tumor growth by selectively regulating ER-α signaling. Whereas most prototypical estrogen-responsive genes were suppressed, CAFs maintained gene expression related to therapeutic resistance, basal-like differentiation, and invasion. A functional drug screen in co-cultures identified effector pathways involved in the CAF-induced regulation of ER-α signaling. Among these, the Transforming Growth Factor-β and the Janus kinase signaling cascades were validated as actionable targets to counteract the CAF-induced modulation of ER-α activity. Finally, genes that were downregulated in cancer cells by CAFs were predictive of poor response to endocrine treatment. In conclusion, our work reveals that CAFs directly control the luminal breast cancer phenotype by selectively modulating ER-α expression and transcriptional function, and further proposes novel targets to disrupt the crosstalk between CAFs and tumor cells to reinstate treatment response to endocrine therapy in patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.