ArticleScientific data2024
Ethnicity data resource in population-wide health records: completeness, coverage and granularity of diversity.
Article in Scientific data, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enhancing the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model to Support Health Equity Research: Expanding Race and Ethnicity Data Representation.Medical care · 2026Article
- Ethnic and Regional Disparities in Self-Reported Smoking Cessation Success: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Local Authority-Level Data in England.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Using classification and regression trees (CART) to investigate unknown ethnicity records in NHS emergency care data.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Using aggregated ethnicity categories masks inequalities in smoking prevalence in England.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Real-world obesity prevalence and history in 79 271 patients receiving systemic anticancer therapy across 13 cancer types in England (2013-2023).ESMO real world data and digital oncology · 2026Article
- Ethnic differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult residents of London: the TOGETHER study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Ethnic inequality in place of death: Analysis using 'gold standard' self-reported ethnicity data from the Census Longitudinal Study.Palliative medicine · 2026Article
- Quality of Cancer-Related Clinical Coding in Primary Care in North Central London: Mixed Methods Quality Improvement Project.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Intersectional relationships between age, sex, ethnicity, nationality and experience of racism in the UK using different ethnicity categorisations: A comparative study using survey data.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Identifying subgroups of frequent emergency department users: a latent class analysis with linked healthcare utilisation, cost and mortality outcomes in the UK.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease: focus on marginalized populations considering ethnicity and race.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality and cardiovascular disease in England and Wales between 2020-2022.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Tailoring cardiovascular risk prediction to females.The Journal of endocrinology · 2025Review
- Five ways to enhance the diversity and quality of health data.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Social determinants of where people die: A study of moderators and mediators using linked UK Census and mortality data.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Lessons learnt from developing an ethnically diverse patient and public involvement group for breast cancer research.BMJ open · 2025Review
- Article
- Estimated cumulative incidence of intervention by children's social care services to age 18: a whole-of-England administrative data cohort study using the child in need census.International journal of population data science · 2025Article
- Inequalities in the prevalence recording of 205 chronic conditions recorded in primary and secondary care for 12 million patients in the English National Health Service.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Routine measurement of cardiometabolic disease risk factors in primary care in England before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intersectional social determinants including ethnicity are vital in health research. We curated a population-wide data resource of self-identified ethnicity data from over 60 million individuals in England primary care, linking it to hospital records. We assessed ethnicity data in terms of completeness, consistency, and granularity and found one in ten individuals do not have ethnicity information recorded in primary care. By linking to hospital records, ethnicity data were completed for 94% of individuals. By reconciling SNOMED-CT concepts and census-level categories into a consistent hierarchy, we organised more than 250 ethnicity sub-groups including and beyond "White", "Black", "Asian", "Mixed" and "Other, and found them to be distributed in proportions similar to the general population. This large observational dataset presents an algorithmic hierarchy to represent self-identified ethnicity data collected across heterogeneous healthcare settings. Accurate and easily accessible ethnicity data can lead to a better understanding of population diversity, which is important to address disparities and influence policy recommendations that can translate into better, fairer health for all.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.