ArticleCommunications medicine2024
Estimating the risk of brain metastasis for patients newly diagnosed with cancer.
Article in Communications medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes and adverse events of postoperative stereotactic interventional radiotherapy/brachytherapy for brain metastases: a systematic review.La Radiologia medica · 2026Pooled it
- Neurocognitive outcomes in patients with brain metastases: a systematic review.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- BraMARS: An Interpretable Histopathology-Driven Deep Learning Model for Brain Metastasis Risk Stratification in Surgically Resected Limited-Stage SCLC.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Clinical and molecular features associated with the presence of brain metastases and survival in patients with advanced thyroid cancer.The oncologist · 2026Article
- An Explainable Deep Model for Risk Scoring and Accurate Radionecrosis Identification Following Brain Metastasis Stereotactic Radiosurgery.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026Article
- Ionizing Radiation Enhances Prognostically Significant Cellular Immunity Programs in the Brain Metastasis Microenvironment.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Astrocytes in neuroinflammation and brain cancer.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Colorectal cancer metastasis to the brain: A scoping review of incidence, treatment, and outcomes.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Postoperative hydrocephalus in patients with infratentorial brain metastases may be influenced by preoperative treatment: a single-center cohort study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases: evolving practice patterns from the national cancer database (2004-2020).Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- A nomogram to predict development of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective analysis using routinely available medical records.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of HyperArc stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer brain metastasis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Evaluating liquid biopsy biomarkers for early detection of brain metastasis: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Multileaf Collimator Width and Normal Tissue Objective on Radiation Dose Distribution in Stereotactic Radiosurgery Using HyperArc for Single Brain Lesions.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Efficacy of 3D-TSE sequence-based radiosurgery in prolonging time to distant intracranial failure: A session-wise analysis in a histology-diverse patient cohort.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Artificial intelligence in the task of segmentation and classification of brain metastases images: current challenges and future opportunities.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Brain microenvironment orchestrates highly aggressive tumor variants: current trends and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastases (BM) affect clinical management and prognosis but limited resources exist to estimate BM risk in newly diagnosed cancer patients. Additionally, guidelines for brain MRI screening are limited. We aimed to develop and validate models to predict risk of BM at diagnosis for the most common cancer types that spread to the brain.
methodsBreast cancer, melanoma, kidney cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) data were extracted from the National Cancer Database to evaluate for the variables associated with the presence of BM at diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression (LR) models were developed and performance was evaluated with Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) and random-split training and testing datasets. Nomograms and a Webtool were created for each cancer type.
resultsWe identify 4,828,305 patients from 2010-2018 (2,095,339 breast cancer, 472,611 melanoma, 407,627 kidney cancer, 627,090 CRC, 164,864 SCLC, and 1,060,774 NSCLC). The proportion of patients with BM at diagnosis is 0.3%, 1.5%, 1.3%, 0.3%, 16.0%, and 10.3% for breast cancer, melanoma, kidney cancer, CRC, SCLC, and NSCLC, respectively. The average AUC over 100 random splitting for the LR models is 0.9534 for breast cancer, 0.9420 for melanoma, 0.8785 for CRC, 0.9054 for kidney cancer, 0.7759 for NSCLC, and 0.6180 for SCLC.
conclusionsWe develop accurate models that predict the BM risk at diagnosis for multiple cancer types. The nomograms and Webtool may aid clinicians in considering brain MRI at the time of initial cancer diagnosis.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.