SynthesisBMJ open2024
Appraising and highlighting gaps among prophylactic intervention studies for reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Clinical practice guideline for perioperative pain management in pediatric low-temperature plasma tonsillectomy].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2026Guideline
- Effect of ondansetron and metoclopramide on postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of anesthesia · 2025Pooled it
- Real-world incidence of nausea and vomiting induced by antineoplastic agents: insights and future directions from the Japanese adverse drug event report database.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Roles of evidence synthesis studies and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in pediatric perioperative outcomes research.Journal of anesthesia · 2025Article
- Clinical Impact of Specific Extraocular Muscle Manipulation and the Oculocardiac Reflex on Postoperative Vomiting in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery: A Multicenter, Observational Study.Paediatric anaesthesia · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a leading perioperative morbidity outcome following general anaesthesia. This systematic review aims to identify, appraise and summarise the evidence synthesis studies of prophylactic interventions that reduce the incidence of paediatric PONV, thereby highlighting knowledge gaps and avenues of future research.
designSystematic review using the AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2) tool and the ROBIS (Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews) tool. DATA SOURCES: Seven major databases, including MEDLINE and EMBASE, from inception to 23 September 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Evidence synthesis studies of only randomised controlled trials that explored prophylactic interventions for PONV in children undergoing general anaesthesia. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Following screening process by two reviewers, data were extracted from all eligible studies, including demographic parameters and details of interventions. Eligible studies were categorised into 'pharmacological' and 'non-pharmacological' groups and high-risk surgical groups of 'strabismus' and 'tonsillectomy' for qualitative synthesis.
resultsThere were 20 evidence synthesis reviews (17 meta-analyses, 2 systematic reviews, 1 network meta-analysis): 14 investigated pharmacological PONV prophylaxis in children, 5 investigated non-pharmacological interventions, 1 studied both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Monotherapy pharmacological prophylaxis agents, for example, dexamethasone (relative risk (RR) 0.49, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.58), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT
conclusionMonotherapy pharmacological prophylaxis is more effective than placebo in reducing the incidence of paediatric PONV, with the efficacy increased further by using combination pharmacotherapy. Further research must compare multiple treatment arms of pharmacological and non-pharmacological prophylaxes for PONV to identify the optimal multimodal prophylaxis regimen. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021236698.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.